They are yellow, orange, and red pigments in
plants. The most common carotenoids in a Western diet are
alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein,
zeaxanthin and lycopene. Each of these carotenoids carries a
distinct set of actions, benefits and originating fruits and
vegetables. There are more than 600 carotenoids.
Carrots, yams, sweet potatoes, papaya, watermelon, cantaloupe,
mangos, spinach, kale, tomatoes, bell peppers, and oranges are
among the fruits and vegetables in which carotenoids can be found.
In order to be properly absorbed, carotenoids should be consumed
with a fat. Carotenoids are associated with antioxidant activity,
eye health, immune system activity, intercellular communication,
and reduced risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease, according
to the Linus Pauling Institute.
The body can convert alpha-carotene, beta-carotene and
beta-cryptoxanthin into vitamin A (retinol), which is associated
with anti-aging and immune system function. Lutein and zeaxanthin
are the only carotenoids found in the retina and are associated
with lower risks of macular degeneration.
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