According to designer Frédéric-Auguste
Bartholdi, the sculpture’s true title is “Liberty Enlightening
the World.
Bartholdi’s mother,
Charlotte, who is rumored to be the model for Liberty’s massive
copper visage. (Bartholdi’s wife posed for the arms and torso.)
The island where she stands was called Bedloe’s Island (after an
early Dutch settler) until 1956, when it was renamed Liberty
Island by an act of Congress. Liberty Island and Ellis Island
are two separate islands in the New York Harbor.
Ellis Island became
known as the gateway to New York for millions of immigrants, who
passed through the inspection station on the island between 1892
and 1954. Ellis Island is now home to the Ellis Island
Immigration Museum, which also includes the American Family
Immigration History Center, also Oyster beds, a smallpox
quarantine station, a Scottish Earl’s summer estate, a
recruitment center, and now a National Park and museum.
The Lady stands on a
pedestal, and the pedestal stands on a disused granite fort in
the shape of an 11-pointed star. Fort Wood, completed in 1811,
once held 77 mounted guns and a garrison of 350 U.S. Army troops
to protect New York harbor. Today it holds a museum.
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