Smart was first used in Old English to
describe things that cause pain. Weapons, nails, and darts were
smart. Shakespeare’s Henry VI has the phrase “as smart as
lizards’ stings.” It took on connotations of sharpness,
quickness, intensity, and, through smart, pain-causing words or
wit came to stand for quick intelligence and fashionableness.
Egregious was a
positive word that turned negative. It used to mean "eminent and
distinguished," but because people started using it
sarcastically, it came to mean "bad and offensive."
Sad started with the
meaning of "satisfied or sated," also sometimes "steadfast" or
"firm." It then went from meaning "serious," to "grave," to
"sorrowful."
Smug first meant
"crisp, tidy, and presentable." A well-dressed person was smug
in this way, and it later came to mean "self-satisfied and
conceited."
Devious comes from de
via, "off the way." It once meant "distant" or "off the road."
It took on the meaning of wandering, such as devious comets,
devious minnows, and, because to do wrong was to stray from the
right path, it eventually came to mean "scheming and deceitful."
Facetiousness was once
to have elegant, gracious, high style, and to be jokey and
witty. It came from a Latin term for playful humorousness. It is
still connected with a type of humor, but with an unproductive
or annoying connotation.
Bully used to be a term
of endearment for men or women. A bully could be a good friend
or a sweetheart. It then came to stand for a swaggering braggart
and than a coward who picks on others.
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