According to NASA:
A spacesuit is also
known as Extravehicular Mobility Unit.
Spacesuits provide
protection from extreme temperature to providing a pressurized
environment for astronaut body.
Spacesuits are puncture
proof.
A spacesuit weighs
approximately 280 pounds on the ground - without the astronaut
in it. In the micro-gravity environment of space, a spacesuit
weighs nothing.
They have an internal pouch attached to contain urine. They have
a separate pouch for drinking water.
Shuttle spacesuit
materials include ortho-fabric, aluminized mylar,
neoprene-coated nylon, dacron, urethane-coated nylon, tricot,
nylon/spandex, stainless steel, and high-strength composite
materials.
Putting on a spacesuit
takes 45 minutes, including the time it takes to put on the
special undergarments that help keep astronauts cool. After
putting on the spacesuit, to adapt to the lower pressure
maintained in the suit, the astronaut must spend a little more
than an hour breathing pure oxygen before going outside the
pressurized module.
The reason that
spacesuits are white is because white reflects heat in space the
same as it does on earth. Temperatures in direct sunlight in
space can be more than 275 degrees Fahrenheit.
It has a liquid cooling
and ventilation system inside the spacesuit.
No difference exists in
a male's or female's suit, other than size.
Spacesuits are designed
to be made of many interchangeable parts, to accommodate the
large number of astronauts with widely varying body sizes.
Body measurements of
each astronaut are taken, then the measurements are plotted
against the size ranges available for each spacesuit component.