Historically a lawyer is trained in and can advise you on
the law and represent your interests. An attorney is licensed to
practice law and argue before a court. The terms are synonymous
these days, but the licenses still say "attorney".
In the United States,
the practice of law is conditioned upon admission to practice of
law, and specifically admission to the bar of a particular state
or other territorial jurisdiction.
Attorney at Law is only for lawyers that go to court. All
attorneys are lawyers, but not all lawyers are attorneys. Many
lawyers never go to court.
Legal Counsel is a person employed by an
organization/corporation and works in-house. Legal Counsel will
only provide legal advice to their employer. A lawyer is
employed by a law firm and is engaged by various clients to
provide a range of legal services and advice.
Because a lawyer also conducts suits in court proceedings and
represents clients in various legal instances, the term has
expanded to overlap the definition of attorney. Technically one
can be a lawyer by graduating law school, even though they are
not licensed to practice law.
The J.D. stands for Juris Doctor. However, this is not a
doctorate. It is a professional degree. A JD is the minimum educational level for
lawyers and without it, they cannot practice. Degree levels,
from basic to most advanced, include: Juris Doctor (J.D.),
Master of Laws (L.L.M.), Doctor of Juridical Science
(S.J.D.). It is also not a legal degree, so a
holder cannot be called lawyer or attorney. A JD is not called
doctor, because it is not a terminal degree, there are others
above it. A PhD is a terminal degree, meaning there are no
higher degrees available.
Feb 3, 2020
Impeachment
We see this word every day in the news. Many have a different
idea of what it is. The real definition is, "a charge of
misconduct made against the holder of a public office." It
assumes no innocence or guilt, just a charge.
A political trial is held in the Senate that is like, but not the same as a legal trial in court. The Senate has its own rules. The entire Senate becomes 'jurors' and a chief justice from the Supreme Court presides over the proceedings. A two thirds vote from those present on any or all charges is required for conviction.
The outcome for being found guilty is limited to, "Removal from Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust, or Profit under the United States."
Not all criminal conduct is impeachable and not all impeachable conduct is criminal.
A political trial is held in the Senate that is like, but not the same as a legal trial in court. The Senate has its own rules. The entire Senate becomes 'jurors' and a chief justice from the Supreme Court presides over the proceedings. A two thirds vote from those present on any or all charges is required for conviction.
The outcome for being found guilty is limited to, "Removal from Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust, or Profit under the United States."
Not all criminal conduct is impeachable and not all impeachable conduct is criminal.
False Space Colors
People who have been to space say there is not much to see.
You will not find anything colorful even if you used a
telescope. Many heavenly bodies emit lights beyond the
wavelengths we can see. Those that do not are almost always red
and blue, which remain the two most common colors in the
universe.
Almost every photo you have seen of space or some other pictures of planets and comets or exploding stars is fake. However, the photos are real; it is the color that is fake.
Cameras aboard spacecraft take images using filters that isolate different wavelengths on the electromagnetic spectrum. Some, like red and blue, capture light the human eye can see. Others like ultraviolet and infrared, capture light it cannot see. All the images arrive to Earth as black-and-white frames, and then are assigned colors digitally and compiled into a composite.
NASA releases images that are 'false color', because it shows something interesting about the atmosphere and allows us see lights that would have been invisible to us. Not many would be interested in space if all they ever saw were black and white or blue and red photos. Incidentally, the sun is pure white. Photographs of the Moon, taken from space show the gray color from the surface of the Moon which is mostly oxygen, silicon, magnesium, iron, calcium and aluminum.
Almost every photo you have seen of space or some other pictures of planets and comets or exploding stars is fake. However, the photos are real; it is the color that is fake.
Cameras aboard spacecraft take images using filters that isolate different wavelengths on the electromagnetic spectrum. Some, like red and blue, capture light the human eye can see. Others like ultraviolet and infrared, capture light it cannot see. All the images arrive to Earth as black-and-white frames, and then are assigned colors digitally and compiled into a composite.
NASA releases images that are 'false color', because it shows something interesting about the atmosphere and allows us see lights that would have been invisible to us. Not many would be interested in space if all they ever saw were black and white or blue and red photos. Incidentally, the sun is pure white. Photographs of the Moon, taken from space show the gray color from the surface of the Moon which is mostly oxygen, silicon, magnesium, iron, calcium and aluminum.
Pluto and Stirr
If you have a smart TV, or Fire TV, or ROKU, or Android box, or
Apple, etc. There are two apps that you need to download, Pluto
TV and Stirr. They have a multitude of stations of live TV, live
sports, movies, major networks, some local news (depending on
location), and more. Hundreds of stations to watch, with many
categories, like old TV shows, westerns, mystery, science,
horror, etc. They both also have live TV guides that we are all
familiar with.
You can download free from Amazon, Google Play, Apple App store, etc. If you have a smart TV and a box, download to both.
The best news is that they are totally free (with ads) just like regular antenna TV. Even after cord cutting, these can provide more entertainment than you are paying for with other services like Apple TV, Fubo, Sling, etc. Save some more money and stay totally entertained. You are welcome!
Incidentally, there are a few new apps that will combine antenna TV guides, Pluto TV guide, and others into one monster TV guide. I will be watching close and let you know when any seem to be viable.
You can download free from Amazon, Google Play, Apple App store, etc. If you have a smart TV and a box, download to both.
The best news is that they are totally free (with ads) just like regular antenna TV. Even after cord cutting, these can provide more entertainment than you are paying for with other services like Apple TV, Fubo, Sling, etc. Save some more money and stay totally entertained. You are welcome!
Incidentally, there are a few new apps that will combine antenna TV guides, Pluto TV guide, and others into one monster TV guide. I will be watching close and let you know when any seem to be viable.
Largest Freshwater Lakes
It depends on your criteria. Freshwater lakes can
be ranked by either the volume or surface area. Some of the
large lakes by surface area are slightly shallow and do not hold
a lot of water.
Lake Superior is the largest lake in North America and also the largest freshwater lake in the world by surface area and the third-largest by volume. Its surface area is approximately 31,700 square miles. The lake is shared by the province of Ontario in Canada, and the states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan in the US. Lake Superior has a volume of 2,900 cubic miles. The lake measures 350 miles long, 160 miles wide, and 483 feet deep on average. Although Lake Superior is the largest lake by surface area, by volume it ranks 3rd after lakes Baikal and Tanganyika.
Lake Tanganyika is an African Great Lake. It is the second-oldest freshwater lake in the world, the second-largest by volume, and the second-deepest. It is the world's longest freshwater lake.
Lake Baikal is 6th by surface area, but the largest freshwater lake by volume in the world, containing 22–23% of the world's fresh surface water. Baikal is the world's deepest lake. It is considered among the world's clearest lakes and is considered the world's oldest lake.
Lake Superior is the largest lake in North America and also the largest freshwater lake in the world by surface area and the third-largest by volume. Its surface area is approximately 31,700 square miles. The lake is shared by the province of Ontario in Canada, and the states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan in the US. Lake Superior has a volume of 2,900 cubic miles. The lake measures 350 miles long, 160 miles wide, and 483 feet deep on average. Although Lake Superior is the largest lake by surface area, by volume it ranks 3rd after lakes Baikal and Tanganyika.
Lake Tanganyika is an African Great Lake. It is the second-oldest freshwater lake in the world, the second-largest by volume, and the second-deepest. It is the world's longest freshwater lake.
Lake Baikal is 6th by surface area, but the largest freshwater lake by volume in the world, containing 22–23% of the world's fresh surface water. Baikal is the world's deepest lake. It is considered among the world's clearest lakes and is considered the world's oldest lake.
Starbucks Hack
A Starbucks tall is 12 ounces; grande is 16; venti is 20 and
trenta is 31 ounces. To save a bit, you can order a “short.” A
Starbucks short is 8 ounces and is a member of the Starbucks
product offering. It is just not on the menu.
Incidentally, refills are free if you order with the Starbucks app or fifty cents for regular coffee or tea (hot or iced).
Incidentally, refills are free if you order with the Starbucks app or fifty cents for regular coffee or tea (hot or iced).
How Do You Pronounce That
Here are ten words that are pronounced differently,
based on where you are from in the US.
Bagel
This morning staple has several ways of being pronounced. Most people, including New Yorkers pronounce the word as bay-gull, but many Midwesterners pronounce it like bah-gull.
Caramel
The West Coast and Midwest pronounce the word "caramel" with two syllables like car-ml, the majority of the East Coast pronounce the word as three syllables, pronouncing it car-a-mel.
Syrup
Could you pass the seer-up? No, but I can pass the sirr-up. Both pronunciations are considered acceptable.
Pajamas
America's Western and Midwestern states and you will find that the "a" in pajamas is pronounced like "jam," but in any Southern or Eastern state and you hear an "a" as in "father."
Nevada
Inhabitants of the East Coast refer to it as Nev-AH-da (with an "a" like "odd") The correct pronunciation, according to the state's residents is Nev-AD-a (with an "a" like "add").
Oregon
Contrary to popular belief, it is not pronounced Or-a-gone, but Or-a-gun.
New Orleans
Even locals cannot agree on how to pronounce the name of this city. Some people say New Oar-lins, others say New Or-leans, and a small subset even add an extra syllable to make it New Or-lee-uhns.
Caribbean
The region is named after the Caribs (pronounced kar-ib), the technically accurate pronunciation of the word "Caribbean" is kar-i-bee-in. However, many people (some Caribbean natives included) prefer the pronunciation ka-RIB-ee-in, and both are common.
Florida
Most Americans, Floridians included pronounce the first syllable in Florida to rhyme with "sore." However, there are three other ways to pronounce this word: Flow-ri-da, Flah-ri-da, and Flaw-ri-da. For the most part, these alternate pronunciations can be heard in Southern and Northeastern states.
Texas
The majority of people pronounce Texas with an [s] sound. According to the Harvard Dialect Survey, just over 5 percent of respondents, primarily people in Northern and Midwestern states say the state's name with a [z] sound.
Bagel
This morning staple has several ways of being pronounced. Most people, including New Yorkers pronounce the word as bay-gull, but many Midwesterners pronounce it like bah-gull.
Caramel
The West Coast and Midwest pronounce the word "caramel" with two syllables like car-ml, the majority of the East Coast pronounce the word as three syllables, pronouncing it car-a-mel.
Syrup
Could you pass the seer-up? No, but I can pass the sirr-up. Both pronunciations are considered acceptable.
Pajamas
America's Western and Midwestern states and you will find that the "a" in pajamas is pronounced like "jam," but in any Southern or Eastern state and you hear an "a" as in "father."
Nevada
Inhabitants of the East Coast refer to it as Nev-AH-da (with an "a" like "odd") The correct pronunciation, according to the state's residents is Nev-AD-a (with an "a" like "add").
Oregon
Contrary to popular belief, it is not pronounced Or-a-gone, but Or-a-gun.
New Orleans
Even locals cannot agree on how to pronounce the name of this city. Some people say New Oar-lins, others say New Or-leans, and a small subset even add an extra syllable to make it New Or-lee-uhns.
Caribbean
The region is named after the Caribs (pronounced kar-ib), the technically accurate pronunciation of the word "Caribbean" is kar-i-bee-in. However, many people (some Caribbean natives included) prefer the pronunciation ka-RIB-ee-in, and both are common.
Florida
Most Americans, Floridians included pronounce the first syllable in Florida to rhyme with "sore." However, there are three other ways to pronounce this word: Flow-ri-da, Flah-ri-da, and Flaw-ri-da. For the most part, these alternate pronunciations can be heard in Southern and Northeastern states.
Texas
The majority of people pronounce Texas with an [s] sound. According to the Harvard Dialect Survey, just over 5 percent of respondents, primarily people in Northern and Midwestern states say the state's name with a [z] sound.
Firefox Browser Reader
Firefox browser users may not now about a handy
little reader addon that sits in the box to the right of where
you see the site name you are on. (The icon looks like a page of
text).Not every site has it, but the next time you see the
little box, click on it.
It offers you a page view without all the crazy ads flashing in your face. It also allows you to adjust the type font size and also has a reader that will read the text to you. I find it handy to read text without distractions. Click it again and go back to the original page. You are welcome.
It offers you a page view without all the crazy ads flashing in your face. It also allows you to adjust the type font size and also has a reader that will read the text to you. I find it handy to read text without distractions. Click it again and go back to the original page. You are welcome.
Dyslexia and Lexilight
Dyslexia is a medical condition that affects
8 to 10 percent of people worldwide. It makes the reading
experience difficult, because when they read, they see a mirror
image appearing on top of the text on the page. A dyslexic
person has two dominant eyes that send two different streams of
information to the brain simultaneously, creating confusion and
mirror images that disturb the reading process.
Lexilight is a device that aims at bringing relief to those who suffer from dyslexia. It corrects the issue by enabling the brain to process the information as if it came from the single dominant eye, using a pulsed and modulated light that reduces the mirroring effect.
The specific light waves emitted by the LEDs in the lamp can be customized to match the vision profile of each user. The device can adjust several LED parameters, including the refresh rate, to drive one eye to take precedence over the other to reduce the mirroring effect.
Lexilight is a device that aims at bringing relief to those who suffer from dyslexia. It corrects the issue by enabling the brain to process the information as if it came from the single dominant eye, using a pulsed and modulated light that reduces the mirroring effect.
The specific light waves emitted by the LEDs in the lamp can be customized to match the vision profile of each user. The device can adjust several LED parameters, including the refresh rate, to drive one eye to take precedence over the other to reduce the mirroring effect.
Happy Friday
If you are going to
live, leave a legacy of happiness.
It will nourish generations, especially on Happy Fridays!
It will nourish generations, especially on Happy Fridays!
Perception of Time
The Roman Empire still existed when Johannes Gutenberg's work
on the first printing press was completed in 1440. The Roman
Empire was not dissolved until 1453. That was the year when the
Ottoman Empire conquered Constantinople, the capital of the
Eastern Roman (or Byzantine) Empire, just two years before the
mass production of the Gutenberg Bible began.
Queen Elizabeth has seen 13 different American presidents. She was crowned Queen in 1952, during the presidency of Harry Truman, the 33rd president. In addition, she has been alive for 16 presidents, since she was born in 1926, during the presidency of Calvin Coolidge.
The same year as Nintendo was founded; construction of the Eiffel Tower was finished in1889. The year Fusajiro Yamauchi founded Nintendo (originally as a playing card company) in Kyoto, Japan was1889.
People were still traveling the Oregon Trail and covered wagons were heading out west in the mid-nineteenth century, with the first major wagon train hitting the trail in 1843. That same year, a Scottish inventor named Alexander Bain received a patent for a machine he developed called an “Electric Printing Telegraph.” The machine was the direct predecessor of the fax machines that were staples of offices everywhere in the late twentieth century - and still are in the medical industry.
Queen Elizabeth has seen 13 different American presidents. She was crowned Queen in 1952, during the presidency of Harry Truman, the 33rd president. In addition, she has been alive for 16 presidents, since she was born in 1926, during the presidency of Calvin Coolidge.
The same year as Nintendo was founded; construction of the Eiffel Tower was finished in1889. The year Fusajiro Yamauchi founded Nintendo (originally as a playing card company) in Kyoto, Japan was1889.
People were still traveling the Oregon Trail and covered wagons were heading out west in the mid-nineteenth century, with the first major wagon train hitting the trail in 1843. That same year, a Scottish inventor named Alexander Bain received a patent for a machine he developed called an “Electric Printing Telegraph.” The machine was the direct predecessor of the fax machines that were staples of offices everywhere in the late twentieth century - and still are in the medical industry.
Australia is Moving
All of earth's tectonic plates are shifting, but
Australia’s is moving so quickly that it requires regular
updates to maps and GPS systems. It moved almost 5 feet between
1994 and 2016, according to National Geographic.
Origin of High Heals
High heels are so closely associated with women that one would
think they were invented for women, but high heels were created
for men.
The first high heels were made for male Persian soldiers back in the 10th century. The heel allowed them to lock their feet in their stirrups (the devices horse riders put their boots in) while riding. This improved their balance and accuracy when they wanted to shoot arrows or attack their opponent with some other weapon while on the move.
High heels reached Europe in the 17th century where they were adopted by the male aristocrats to make them appear taller and more intimidating. In one notable incident, King Louis XIV of France distributed high heeled shoes to the male members of his cabinet in 1673.
Women also began wearing high heel shoes during the 17th century. Women started wearing high heels, because it made their feet appear smaller. At the time, most women wore long skirts that reached their ankles. The high heeled shoes raised the mid and rear parts of their legs so that it was hidden under their skirts. Only the front part of their feet was visible, giving people the impression that they had smaller feet.
Male and female high heels slowly began to diverge as women made their heels thinner. Women also streamlined the front of their shoes so that they appeared smaller and pointy. Meanwhile, men maintained the original high heels with wide heels and flat fronts. Men dumped the high heel fashion during the 18th century, because it had become a feminine item.
The first high heels were made for male Persian soldiers back in the 10th century. The heel allowed them to lock their feet in their stirrups (the devices horse riders put their boots in) while riding. This improved their balance and accuracy when they wanted to shoot arrows or attack their opponent with some other weapon while on the move.
High heels reached Europe in the 17th century where they were adopted by the male aristocrats to make them appear taller and more intimidating. In one notable incident, King Louis XIV of France distributed high heeled shoes to the male members of his cabinet in 1673.
Women also began wearing high heel shoes during the 17th century. Women started wearing high heels, because it made their feet appear smaller. At the time, most women wore long skirts that reached their ankles. The high heeled shoes raised the mid and rear parts of their legs so that it was hidden under their skirts. Only the front part of their feet was visible, giving people the impression that they had smaller feet.
Male and female high heels slowly began to diverge as women made their heels thinner. Women also streamlined the front of their shoes so that they appeared smaller and pointy. Meanwhile, men maintained the original high heels with wide heels and flat fronts. Men dumped the high heel fashion during the 18th century, because it had become a feminine item.
Socialism vs. Communism vs. Fascism
People seem to be throwing out
these terms as though they are the same thing, but they are not.
Socialism is economic. It believes that the means of making, moving, and trading wealth should be owned or controlled by the government as a whole. In Marxist theory, socialism is the stage following capitalism in the transition of a society to communism.
Communism is economic and one party government. Communism recognizes no religion.
Fascism is economic and government. Fascism is a form of authoritarian characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition, and strong regimentation of society and of the economy. Fascists are against democracy.
None of the three offers more for doing more, so doing the minimum is the result. With all three there is no incentive to do better.
Socialism - from each according to his ability to each according to his contribution.
Communism - from each according to his ability to each according to his need.
Socialism and communism are founded on the idea of collective cooperation, but differ in that communists believe that cooperation should be run by a government made up of one political party (the elite that socialists decry).
Historically, fascist governments tend to be militaristic, and racist. Hitler was a fascist. Many scholars say fascism has historically attacked communism, parliamentary liberalism, and conservatism.
Socialism is economic. It believes that the means of making, moving, and trading wealth should be owned or controlled by the government as a whole. In Marxist theory, socialism is the stage following capitalism in the transition of a society to communism.
Communism is economic and one party government. Communism recognizes no religion.
Fascism is economic and government. Fascism is a form of authoritarian characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition, and strong regimentation of society and of the economy. Fascists are against democracy.
None of the three offers more for doing more, so doing the minimum is the result. With all three there is no incentive to do better.
Socialism - from each according to his ability to each according to his contribution.
Communism - from each according to his ability to each according to his need.
Socialism and communism are founded on the idea of collective cooperation, but differ in that communists believe that cooperation should be run by a government made up of one political party (the elite that socialists decry).
Historically, fascist governments tend to be militaristic, and racist. Hitler was a fascist. Many scholars say fascism has historically attacked communism, parliamentary liberalism, and conservatism.
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