"Thanks are the highest
form of thought and gratitude is happiness doubled by wonder." ~
G. K. Chesterton
I never wonder why I
love a Happy Friday!
Sep 27, 2019
National Coffee Day
Sunday, Sept. 29 is National Coffee Day. Restaurants,
convenience stores, and brands are toasting the made-up holiday
by giving away free coffee or serving up discounted brew.
Starbucks does not have a freebie this year, but many fast food
and doughnut places have freebies or deals with coffee
discounts.
Daniel Boone
One
hundred ninety nine years ago On September 26, 1820 the great
pioneering frontiersman Daniel Boone died quietly in his sleep
at his son’s home near present-day Defiance, Missouri. He was
85.
He was an American pioneer, explorer, woodsman, and frontiersman whose frontier exploits made him one of the first folk heroes of the United States. He was also a businessman, soldier, and politician who represented three different counties in the Virginia General Assembly following the American Revolutionary War. Boone is most famous for his exploration and settlement of what is now Kentucky. He was not at the battle of the Alamo, which happened during 1836.
He was an American pioneer, explorer, woodsman, and frontiersman whose frontier exploits made him one of the first folk heroes of the United States. He was also a businessman, soldier, and politician who represented three different counties in the Virginia General Assembly following the American Revolutionary War. Boone is most famous for his exploration and settlement of what is now Kentucky. He was not at the battle of the Alamo, which happened during 1836.
CBS Oil vs. Hemp Oil
Just as there is a difference between THC and CBD, there is
also a difference between CBD and hemp oil.
Most people use the words “cannabis,” “hemp,” and “marijuana” interchangeably, but cannabis is actually the name for the genus of plants. All of the plants within the cannabis genus contain many compounds called “phytocannabinoids.” The most well known are THC and CBD, with THC as the only one that gets you high.
The leaves and flowers of marijuana plants are used to make joints and edibles because they typically contain 15-20% THC. CBD oils are made from the hemp plants, which contain, at most, 0.3% THC, so CBD oils do not get you high.
All mammals naturally produce compounds called “endocannabinoids.” Endo means “within”– within your body. All these compounds work together to keep your body’s endocannabinoid stems functioning normally. Phytocannabinoids, phyto meaning “plant”– as a compound that occurs naturally in a plant work with the endocannabinoid system.
Many CBD products are made from hemp extract oil, but there are also products called hemp seed oil, which is different. Hemp seed oil is derived only from the seeds of the hemp plant, no phytocannabinoids. The oil is rich in healthy omega-3 fatty acids, so it can help skin issues, but does not have the same benefits as CBD oil.
CBD works with your body’s natural systems to help you manage, among other benefits, everyday stress, sleep better, reduce pain, and function at a higher level. As with all products, the best way to ensure that the CBD is up to the standards you would have for everything else you consume is to use products from companies that you trust. It might be difficult to judge the effectiveness of the new CBD sports bras, bath salts, and doggie treats, but have fun. There does not appear to be negative side effects, at least so far.
Bottom line, hemp oil is better for cosmetics, skin conditions, and eating hemp seeds is rich in healthy omega-3 fatty acids, while CBD compounds are taken internally and also used as oils, creams, and in other consumables, used to relieve pain, anxiety, depression, acne, heart disease, promote more restful sleep, etc.
Incidentally, the FDA has approved the first CBD medicine for reducing seizures.
Most people use the words “cannabis,” “hemp,” and “marijuana” interchangeably, but cannabis is actually the name for the genus of plants. All of the plants within the cannabis genus contain many compounds called “phytocannabinoids.” The most well known are THC and CBD, with THC as the only one that gets you high.
The leaves and flowers of marijuana plants are used to make joints and edibles because they typically contain 15-20% THC. CBD oils are made from the hemp plants, which contain, at most, 0.3% THC, so CBD oils do not get you high.
All mammals naturally produce compounds called “endocannabinoids.” Endo means “within”– within your body. All these compounds work together to keep your body’s endocannabinoid stems functioning normally. Phytocannabinoids, phyto meaning “plant”– as a compound that occurs naturally in a plant work with the endocannabinoid system.
Many CBD products are made from hemp extract oil, but there are also products called hemp seed oil, which is different. Hemp seed oil is derived only from the seeds of the hemp plant, no phytocannabinoids. The oil is rich in healthy omega-3 fatty acids, so it can help skin issues, but does not have the same benefits as CBD oil.
CBD works with your body’s natural systems to help you manage, among other benefits, everyday stress, sleep better, reduce pain, and function at a higher level. As with all products, the best way to ensure that the CBD is up to the standards you would have for everything else you consume is to use products from companies that you trust. It might be difficult to judge the effectiveness of the new CBD sports bras, bath salts, and doggie treats, but have fun. There does not appear to be negative side effects, at least so far.
Bottom line, hemp oil is better for cosmetics, skin conditions, and eating hemp seeds is rich in healthy omega-3 fatty acids, while CBD compounds are taken internally and also used as oils, creams, and in other consumables, used to relieve pain, anxiety, depression, acne, heart disease, promote more restful sleep, etc.
Incidentally, the FDA has approved the first CBD medicine for reducing seizures.
Wordology, Gorbellied
It is pronounced GOR-bel-eed and means having
a large belly: fat. From gorbelly (large belly), from gor (gore)
+ belly, from Old English belig (bag). Earliest documented use:
1529.
“Falstaff: Hang ye, gorbellied knaves, are ye undone? No, ye fat chuffs. ”William Shakespeare; Henry IV, Part 1; 1623.
“Falstaff: Hang ye, gorbellied knaves, are ye undone? No, ye fat chuffs. ”William Shakespeare; Henry IV, Part 1; 1623.
Rock, Paper, Scissors
The game seems to originate in hand games from
China, likely going back a few thousand years. The trail gets
more clear starting around the 17th century when some of these
games migrated to Japan and explicit references to them in
surviving text. One of those games, in turn, spread from Japan
throughout the world in recent times.
There were a myriad of these hand games using a series of hand gestures, sometimes even using various chants. As for the many three hand gesture variants, these are called sansukumi-ken.
As variant of this, the Japanese “mushi-ken” used hand gestures representing a frog, a slug, and a snake. The specific gestures were the thumb as the frog, which defeats the slug. The slug is represented by the pinky finger and defeats the snake. The snake is represented by the index finger and defeats the frog.
The direct ancestor to Rock, Paper, Scissors is the game of jan-ken, which has been played in Japan going back to around the 17th century and uses the Rock, Paper (or cloth), Scissors trio of hand gestures we are all familiar with.
Up until relatively recently, these games were primarily used as drinking games, particularly popular at Chinese and Japanese brothels. Yakyūken is a version of Rock, Paper, Scissors played in Japan that is the game of choice for the hand gesture equivalent of strip-poker.
It then spread to the world between the 1920s and the 1950s. For example, some of the earliest references of the game outside of Japan include one account in France in 1927 where it was called “chi-fou-mi”, or another in Britain in 1924 where it was called “zhot”.
As to why this particular hand gesture game caught on in the wider world when so many others did not, it is speculated that it is because it is one of the simplest to understand and play, as well as that it makes a very effective and seemingly random way to settle a dispute or decide something between two individuals.
Fast-forwarding to today, the game has even become a competitive sport with various organizations formed in different countries. For example, in 2002, the brothers Walker formed the World RPS Society and formalized the rules for international competition. They held the “Rock, Paper, Scissors World Championships” in Toronto every year from 2003 to 2009, which was televised on Fox Sports Net at one point.
If someone wins, they are more likely to make the same choice the next time. If they lose, however, they are likely to choose the next item in the sequence from the one they just lost with. So, if one loses with rock, they are likely to choose paper the next time. If they lose with paper, they are more likely to throw scissors the next time. Thus, they are picking the thing that they just lost to.
Players who repeat the same sign twice are extremely unlikely to throw the same sign a third time, allowing you to improve your odds slightly by ruling that one out as something they will pick in most cases. Thus, if they throw scissors twice, your next throw should be paper, as they are likely to choose either paper or rock, improving your odds of a tie or win.
Incidentally, In America, another name for Rock, Paper, Scissors is “Rochambeau.” The commonly held story is that it is from a French general by the name of Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur de Rochambeau.
There were a myriad of these hand games using a series of hand gestures, sometimes even using various chants. As for the many three hand gesture variants, these are called sansukumi-ken.
As variant of this, the Japanese “mushi-ken” used hand gestures representing a frog, a slug, and a snake. The specific gestures were the thumb as the frog, which defeats the slug. The slug is represented by the pinky finger and defeats the snake. The snake is represented by the index finger and defeats the frog.
The direct ancestor to Rock, Paper, Scissors is the game of jan-ken, which has been played in Japan going back to around the 17th century and uses the Rock, Paper (or cloth), Scissors trio of hand gestures we are all familiar with.
Up until relatively recently, these games were primarily used as drinking games, particularly popular at Chinese and Japanese brothels. Yakyūken is a version of Rock, Paper, Scissors played in Japan that is the game of choice for the hand gesture equivalent of strip-poker.
It then spread to the world between the 1920s and the 1950s. For example, some of the earliest references of the game outside of Japan include one account in France in 1927 where it was called “chi-fou-mi”, or another in Britain in 1924 where it was called “zhot”.
As to why this particular hand gesture game caught on in the wider world when so many others did not, it is speculated that it is because it is one of the simplest to understand and play, as well as that it makes a very effective and seemingly random way to settle a dispute or decide something between two individuals.
Fast-forwarding to today, the game has even become a competitive sport with various organizations formed in different countries. For example, in 2002, the brothers Walker formed the World RPS Society and formalized the rules for international competition. They held the “Rock, Paper, Scissors World Championships” in Toronto every year from 2003 to 2009, which was televised on Fox Sports Net at one point.
If someone wins, they are more likely to make the same choice the next time. If they lose, however, they are likely to choose the next item in the sequence from the one they just lost with. So, if one loses with rock, they are likely to choose paper the next time. If they lose with paper, they are more likely to throw scissors the next time. Thus, they are picking the thing that they just lost to.
Players who repeat the same sign twice are extremely unlikely to throw the same sign a third time, allowing you to improve your odds slightly by ruling that one out as something they will pick in most cases. Thus, if they throw scissors twice, your next throw should be paper, as they are likely to choose either paper or rock, improving your odds of a tie or win.
Incidentally, In America, another name for Rock, Paper, Scissors is “Rochambeau.” The commonly held story is that it is from a French general by the name of Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur de Rochambeau.
YouTube Tips
We all love the mostly ad free YouTube videos, TV shows, and
movies. Here are a few tips to make your viewing easier.
Use the following keys:
K = Play/Pause
J/L = Back/Forwards 10 seconds
Left/Right Arrow Key = Back/Forwards 5 seconds
Up/Down Arrow Key = Volume +/- 5%
F = Toggle Fullscreen
T = Toggle Theater Mode
I = Toggle miniplayer
M = Toggle Mute
Keys 0-9 = Skip to different parts of the video
C = Toggle Captions
If in a Playlist, Shift+p (capital p) = Previous video
Shift+n (capital n) = Next Video in playlist or next recommended video
< = Decrease Video Speed
> = Increase Video Speed
, = Rewind single frame
. = Advance single frame
You can press shift+/ (?) to see all these and more commands.
For those on mobile you can also go back/forwards 10 seconds by double tapping the left/right side of the video.
If you use Chrome, double right click the video to always have the miniplayer on screen, as long as you do not go into fullscreen.
While on YouTube, use the search for "Free TV, Free Movies, or 4K movies. You will be amazed at the number of full TV series to watch - and mostly ad free.
Use the following keys:
K = Play/Pause
J/L = Back/Forwards 10 seconds
Left/Right Arrow Key = Back/Forwards 5 seconds
Up/Down Arrow Key = Volume +/- 5%
F = Toggle Fullscreen
T = Toggle Theater Mode
I = Toggle miniplayer
M = Toggle Mute
Keys 0-9 = Skip to different parts of the video
C = Toggle Captions
If in a Playlist, Shift+p (capital p) = Previous video
Shift+n (capital n) = Next Video in playlist or next recommended video
< = Decrease Video Speed
> = Increase Video Speed
, = Rewind single frame
. = Advance single frame
You can press shift+/ (?) to see all these and more commands.
For those on mobile you can also go back/forwards 10 seconds by double tapping the left/right side of the video.
If you use Chrome, double right click the video to always have the miniplayer on screen, as long as you do not go into fullscreen.
While on YouTube, use the search for "Free TV, Free Movies, or 4K movies. You will be amazed at the number of full TV series to watch - and mostly ad free.
Sep 20, 2019
Happy Friday
Happiness is the best
opiate.
You can never overdose on happiness, even on a Happy Friday!
You can never overdose on happiness, even on a Happy Friday!
Nutella Origin
After WWII, there were not
enough cocoa supplies in Italy. So a pastry maker Pietro Ferrero
created his concoction made from hazelnuts, sugar, and just a
little bit of cocoa that was later transformed into Nutella, by
his son.
It began as a solid block called pasta gianduja which could be sliced and served on bread, but later evolved into a spreadable version called Supercrema. The Nutella name came about during 1964 as a result of combining the English word ‘nut’ and the Latin suffix for sweet – ‘ella’.
It began as a solid block called pasta gianduja which could be sliced and served on bread, but later evolved into a spreadable version called Supercrema. The Nutella name came about during 1964 as a result of combining the English word ‘nut’ and the Latin suffix for sweet – ‘ella’.
Satellite History
Satellites go way back, and were mostly used for specific
purposes. The new LEO satellite constellations require thousands
of satellites talking to each other and allowing internet
anywhere, even the remotest parts of the planet.
1957—The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 1 and kicks off the space race.
1958—The US launches its first satellite, Explorer 1.
1958—The world’s first satellite designed for telecommunications, successfully transmits its first message.
1962—The Communications Satellite Act of 1962 gives the FCC regulatory power over communications satellites.
1962—Bell Labs launches Telstar 1, which successfully executes the first satellite television transmission.
1967—The Soviet Union creates, Orbita, the first television-satellite national network.
1972—Canada launches the first North American geostationary television satellite, Anik 1.
1975—RCA builds Satcom 1 for ABC, NBC, CBS, and later HBO® to begin broadcasting via satellite.
1976—Radio engineer Taylor Howard builds a homemade satellite dish and receiver that picks up both North American and Soviet satellite television signals. It showed in-home satellite television service could work.
1979—The Satellite Home Viewer Act lets US homeowners operate their own home satellite system.
1991—A group of cable TV providers, including Time Warner Cable, Cox, Comcast, and more, create the first direct broadcast satellite television service in the US, PRIMESTAR.
1993—Hughes Aircraft Co. applies for an FCC license to launch Spaceway, the first satellite designed to use the Ka-band frequencies making satellite a reasonable means for transmitting internet signals.
1996—Hughes Electronics buys PanAmSat, starts Hughes Network Systems, and begins offering consumer satellite services.
2003—News Corp buys DIRECTV, Hughes Network Systems, and others to form the DIRECTV Group.
2017—Viasat launches Viasat 2, which delivers the fastest residential satellite internet in the US to date.
Between 5G communications, ATSC3 over the air TV, and low earth satellites, pulling multiple millions of miles of physical cables around the country and the world may become a thing of the past, but it will not happen this year or next.
1957—The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 1 and kicks off the space race.
1958—The US launches its first satellite, Explorer 1.
1958—The world’s first satellite designed for telecommunications, successfully transmits its first message.
1962—The Communications Satellite Act of 1962 gives the FCC regulatory power over communications satellites.
1962—Bell Labs launches Telstar 1, which successfully executes the first satellite television transmission.
1967—The Soviet Union creates, Orbita, the first television-satellite national network.
1972—Canada launches the first North American geostationary television satellite, Anik 1.
1975—RCA builds Satcom 1 for ABC, NBC, CBS, and later HBO® to begin broadcasting via satellite.
1976—Radio engineer Taylor Howard builds a homemade satellite dish and receiver that picks up both North American and Soviet satellite television signals. It showed in-home satellite television service could work.
1979—The Satellite Home Viewer Act lets US homeowners operate their own home satellite system.
1991—A group of cable TV providers, including Time Warner Cable, Cox, Comcast, and more, create the first direct broadcast satellite television service in the US, PRIMESTAR.
1993—Hughes Aircraft Co. applies for an FCC license to launch Spaceway, the first satellite designed to use the Ka-band frequencies making satellite a reasonable means for transmitting internet signals.
1996—Hughes Electronics buys PanAmSat, starts Hughes Network Systems, and begins offering consumer satellite services.
2003—News Corp buys DIRECTV, Hughes Network Systems, and others to form the DIRECTV Group.
2017—Viasat launches Viasat 2, which delivers the fastest residential satellite internet in the US to date.
Between 5G communications, ATSC3 over the air TV, and low earth satellites, pulling multiple millions of miles of physical cables around the country and the world may become a thing of the past, but it will not happen this year or next.
Used Cars vs. New Cars
During 2018, Americans bought 17.3 million new cars
and 40.2 million used ones. Is that recycling?
Interesting Animal Facts
Pandas can sleep anywhere and they usually fall
asleep wherever they happen to be.
Squirrels use their tails as umbrellas and parachutes.
A dog’s nose print is as detailed as a human fingerprint and can be used to identify them.
Giraffes only sleep for around 4 and a half hours a night, on average.
Tigers have striped skin underneath their striped fur.
Baby elephants suck on their own trunks, like pacifiers.
Squirrels use their tails as umbrellas and parachutes.
A dog’s nose print is as detailed as a human fingerprint and can be used to identify them.
Giraffes only sleep for around 4 and a half hours a night, on average.
Tigers have striped skin underneath their striped fur.
Baby elephants suck on their own trunks, like pacifiers.
Cable TV Statistics
The US has 1,775 total television stations and about 5,200
cable systems run by 660 operators, reaching 90% of the entire
population.
During 2017, 61% of young adults in the US mostly used online streaming to watch TV.
During 2018, there were 33 million people in the US who had canceled their pay-TV subscription. 12% of U.S. homes with broadband cut the cord in 2018, showing a 32.8% increase from 2017. In December 2018, 60% of American adults had someone in their household with a current Netflix subscription and Comcast accounted for 23.6% of the pay TV market in the US.
Number of households cutting the cord jumped another 19.2% and reached 40.2 million cord cutters in 2019 per eMarketer. 44% of American households still subscribe to a cable service in 2019.
FOX News was the leading cable network in the US during March 2019, with 1.392 million total day viewers. MSNBC was second, with 1.029 million, and Nickelodeon came third, with 788,000.
Web-based TV continues to grow with 56% of US adults classified as streamers, up from 48% in 2018 and 40% in 2017, according to a new report from Nielsen.
The percentage of households that can stream TV programming has grown to 65% in 2019 from 59% in 2918 and 51% in 2017, Nielsen said in its new Local Watch Report.
Nielsen says that 77% of streamers have access to broadcast stations and cable networks through traditional distributors and virtual MVPDs. Multichannel Video Programming Distributor is a service that provides multiple television channels, like cable or satellite television service. Linear broadcast stations (antenna TV) are watched by 82% of streamers.
During 2017, 61% of young adults in the US mostly used online streaming to watch TV.
During 2018, there were 33 million people in the US who had canceled their pay-TV subscription. 12% of U.S. homes with broadband cut the cord in 2018, showing a 32.8% increase from 2017. In December 2018, 60% of American adults had someone in their household with a current Netflix subscription and Comcast accounted for 23.6% of the pay TV market in the US.
Number of households cutting the cord jumped another 19.2% and reached 40.2 million cord cutters in 2019 per eMarketer. 44% of American households still subscribe to a cable service in 2019.
FOX News was the leading cable network in the US during March 2019, with 1.392 million total day viewers. MSNBC was second, with 1.029 million, and Nickelodeon came third, with 788,000.
Web-based TV continues to grow with 56% of US adults classified as streamers, up from 48% in 2018 and 40% in 2017, according to a new report from Nielsen.
The percentage of households that can stream TV programming has grown to 65% in 2019 from 59% in 2918 and 51% in 2017, Nielsen said in its new Local Watch Report.
Nielsen says that 77% of streamers have access to broadcast stations and cable networks through traditional distributors and virtual MVPDs. Multichannel Video Programming Distributor is a service that provides multiple television channels, like cable or satellite television service. Linear broadcast stations (antenna TV) are watched by 82% of streamers.
Extreme Heat
According to Accuweather.com, 26 of the 50 states set their
all-time high temperature records during the 1930s that still
stand (some have since been tied). An additional 11 state
all-time high temperature records were set before 1930. Only two
states have all-time record high temperatures that were set in
the 21st century (South Dakota and South Carolina).
So 37 of the 50 states have an all-time high temperature record not exceeded for more than 75 years.
So 37 of the 50 states have an all-time high temperature record not exceeded for more than 75 years.
Expensive vs. Cheap Wine
In one study with over 6,000 taste tasters,
comprising about 12% sommeliers and the rest general public,
they tried to determine if people like expensive wines more than
cheap ones.
It found the correlation between price and overall rating is small and negative, suggesting that individuals on average enjoy more expensive wines slightly less. For individuals with wine training however, there are indications of a positive relationship between price and enjoyment.
Results indicate that both the prices of wines and wine recommendations by experts may be poor guides for non-expert wine consumers.
Consider that over 400 compounds which influence the scent alone have been identified in wine. Also, temperature by itself can make a huge difference to taste, because of how this can affect smell and taste. As wine enthusiast David Derbyshire notes, “Serve a New World chardonnay too cold and you’ll only taste the overpowering oak. Serve a red too warm and the heady boozy qualities will be overpowering.”
As for the wine experts, while they may have honed their skills with sometimes thousands of hours of study into all things wine, they still have the same brain as the rest of us. Wine expert and journalist Katie Kelly Bell, was traveling with a fellow group of wine connoisseurs. While at Waters Vineyards in Washington State, the owner poured everyone two glasses of white wine and asked them to identify what types they were.
Bell sums up: "We swirled, we sniffed, and we wrinkled our brows in contemplation, some of us nodding with assurance. I took notes, finding the first white to be more floral and elegant than the second. Drawing on my years and years (there have been too many) of tasting, studying and observation, I swiftly concluded that the first wine was an unoaked Chardonnay and the second was a Sauvignon Blanc, easy peasy. Much to my mortification I was dead wrong, as was everyone else in the room. The proprietor chuckled and informed his room that the wines were actually the same wine; one was just warmer than the other. He wasn’t intentionally shaming us (not one person got it right); he was pointedly demonstrating the power of just one element in the wine tasting experience: temperature."
A test conducted at the suggestion of winery owner Robert Hodgson at the California State Fair wine competition. Panels of 65 to 70 expert judges were given a huge variety of wines to rank as per usual, but what they were not told was that they were actually given each of the wines three times and from the same exact bottle.
After running this same experiment four consecutive years, what Hodgson found was that, to quote the paper published on the experiment, only “about 10 percent of the judges were able to replicate their score within a single medal group.” In fact, he even found about 10% of the judges were so far off that they switched a Bronze rating to a Gold for the exact same wine from the exact same bottle.
In another experiment, Brochet also gave a similar panel a glass of white wine and a glass of red wine and gave them a list of common words used to describe white and red wines and told them to assign them appropriately to the two wines in front of them. It turns out the red wine was actually the same as the white wine except dyed red, and only a small percentage of the testers were able to accurately identify that both wines tasted the same in the descriptive words they chose to identify each wine. Not all of the taste testers got it wrong.
Bottom Line - Wine tasting is subjective and what about a given type appeals to you is all that matters. If knowing you paid $200 for that glass enhances your experience, great. For others buying several bottles of Two-Buck Chuck so they can enjoy many glasses with friends may make that one all the more enjoyable. The only thing that matters with regard to a wine is whether or not you like it.
It found the correlation between price and overall rating is small and negative, suggesting that individuals on average enjoy more expensive wines slightly less. For individuals with wine training however, there are indications of a positive relationship between price and enjoyment.
Results indicate that both the prices of wines and wine recommendations by experts may be poor guides for non-expert wine consumers.
Consider that over 400 compounds which influence the scent alone have been identified in wine. Also, temperature by itself can make a huge difference to taste, because of how this can affect smell and taste. As wine enthusiast David Derbyshire notes, “Serve a New World chardonnay too cold and you’ll only taste the overpowering oak. Serve a red too warm and the heady boozy qualities will be overpowering.”
As for the wine experts, while they may have honed their skills with sometimes thousands of hours of study into all things wine, they still have the same brain as the rest of us. Wine expert and journalist Katie Kelly Bell, was traveling with a fellow group of wine connoisseurs. While at Waters Vineyards in Washington State, the owner poured everyone two glasses of white wine and asked them to identify what types they were.
Bell sums up: "We swirled, we sniffed, and we wrinkled our brows in contemplation, some of us nodding with assurance. I took notes, finding the first white to be more floral and elegant than the second. Drawing on my years and years (there have been too many) of tasting, studying and observation, I swiftly concluded that the first wine was an unoaked Chardonnay and the second was a Sauvignon Blanc, easy peasy. Much to my mortification I was dead wrong, as was everyone else in the room. The proprietor chuckled and informed his room that the wines were actually the same wine; one was just warmer than the other. He wasn’t intentionally shaming us (not one person got it right); he was pointedly demonstrating the power of just one element in the wine tasting experience: temperature."
A test conducted at the suggestion of winery owner Robert Hodgson at the California State Fair wine competition. Panels of 65 to 70 expert judges were given a huge variety of wines to rank as per usual, but what they were not told was that they were actually given each of the wines three times and from the same exact bottle.
After running this same experiment four consecutive years, what Hodgson found was that, to quote the paper published on the experiment, only “about 10 percent of the judges were able to replicate their score within a single medal group.” In fact, he even found about 10% of the judges were so far off that they switched a Bronze rating to a Gold for the exact same wine from the exact same bottle.
In another experiment, Brochet also gave a similar panel a glass of white wine and a glass of red wine and gave them a list of common words used to describe white and red wines and told them to assign them appropriately to the two wines in front of them. It turns out the red wine was actually the same as the white wine except dyed red, and only a small percentage of the testers were able to accurately identify that both wines tasted the same in the descriptive words they chose to identify each wine. Not all of the taste testers got it wrong.
Bottom Line - Wine tasting is subjective and what about a given type appeals to you is all that matters. If knowing you paid $200 for that glass enhances your experience, great. For others buying several bottles of Two-Buck Chuck so they can enjoy many glasses with friends may make that one all the more enjoyable. The only thing that matters with regard to a wine is whether or not you like it.
Library of Congress Photos
It has a website showing free downloadable photos
of 11, 710 roadside buildings and statues around the US, from
classic diners to Paul Bunyan, to hot dogs, and more. They are
true nostalgia. I found a few that I have seen in my travels.
Fun diversion. LINK
Sep 13, 2019
Happy Friday
A smile is the
window to your soul.
I always open the blinds to let the light shine in,
especially on a Happy Friday!
Burger Sandwich
A burger is not
called a sandwich because it is not sandwich. A sandwich is made by putting a
filling between two slices of cut bread. Sandwiches can be hot or cold.
Only bread slices can make a sandwich, anything
placed in a bun, roll, sub, cob, or whatever not a sandwich. A patty melt is a
sandwich that has a burger between two slices of, usually Rye bread.Palindrome Dates
This is the last full
week of palindrome dates in this century. However, there are still plenty of
single palindrome days to celebrate. If you are willing to add a zero to the
beginning of the date, you can look forward to February 11, 2020 (02-11-20) and
February 22, 2020 (02-22-20).
9-13-19 (91319)
9-14-19 (91419)
9-15-19 (91519)
9-16-19 (91619)
9-17-19 (91719)
9-18-19 (91819)
9-19-19 (91919)
A palindrome is a word, phrase, or sequence that reads the same backward as forward.
9-13-19 (91319)
9-14-19 (91419)
9-15-19 (91519)
9-16-19 (91619)
9-17-19 (91719)
9-18-19 (91819)
9-19-19 (91919)
A palindrome is a word, phrase, or sequence that reads the same backward as forward.
Steering Controls Trivia
In dual-control
airplanes, the captain always sits on the left side of the plane. In
helicopters, the captain sits on the right side.
Many early American motorized vehicles placed the
steering wheel on the right hand side of the car, even though America used the
keep-right driving rule. This practice was ended largely due to Henry
Ford. He preferred the left side steering wheel. Ford cars adopted the
left hand side steering wheel and, due to their popularity squashed right hand
steering wheel cars in America.Typing Emojis Tip
If you are a Windows
user, there is a quick keyboard shortcut to add emojis to whatever you are
typing. Hold down the Windows-key and tap the period (.) key. A new box
will pop up from which you can select an emoji. Tap on one to add it to your
document, email, etc. You can scroll down for more to use. The bottom row
allows you to change categories, such as objects, people, food, etc.
After you open the emoji box with Windows-key/Period,
you start typing and the box will search for a match.Overpaying for Fast Broadband
Recently, 53 reporters worked with Stanford
and another major University to develop custom software and high
end routers to monitor speed at the router level as opposed to
most speed tests that are done at the device level (such as your
TV or PC).
They found that even trying to stream video to more than 7 devices at the same time, most people were never able to use more than on average 18 Mbps. Startup times for Netflix and other streaming services were within .6 seconds regardless of if you had a 15 mbps connection or a 500mbps connection. Ironically one of the few ways you are able to fill your full bandwidth is running a speed test. The test sends a large file and tests how long it takes to transmit it.
One of the few times having a super fast connection is useful is if you are downloading really big files, like movies. Most often, we just watch movies and do not download them.
For one or two TVs, 25mbps up and down is good, including Netflix, Prime and any other service. For families with many devices, children playing online games and multiple TVs being used at the same time, 50mbps up and down is more than sufficient. For most people, any speeds past these provide no benefit and are a waste of money.
They found that even trying to stream video to more than 7 devices at the same time, most people were never able to use more than on average 18 Mbps. Startup times for Netflix and other streaming services were within .6 seconds regardless of if you had a 15 mbps connection or a 500mbps connection. Ironically one of the few ways you are able to fill your full bandwidth is running a speed test. The test sends a large file and tests how long it takes to transmit it.
One of the few times having a super fast connection is useful is if you are downloading really big files, like movies. Most often, we just watch movies and do not download them.
For one or two TVs, 25mbps up and down is good, including Netflix, Prime and any other service. For families with many devices, children playing online games and multiple TVs being used at the same time, 50mbps up and down is more than sufficient. For most people, any speeds past these provide no benefit and are a waste of money.
I and Me
Here
is a quick test for using I and me. Take the other person out of
the sentence to see if it still makes sense.
"Draw this picture of my husband and me." "Draw this picture of me." Me is correct.
"Hanging out with my girlfriend and I." "Hanging out with I." It does not make sense, so I is incorrect.
------------------
"Draw this picture of my husband and me." "Draw this picture of me." Me is correct.
"Hanging out with my girlfriend and I." "Hanging out with I." It does not make sense, so I is incorrect.
------------------
Optimists May Live Longer
According to a US study, optimists are more
likely to live longer than those who have a more negative
approach to life. The theory is that optimists may find it
easier to control emotions and so be protected from the effects
of stress.
A recent study spanning thousands of people and three decades, confirmed optimists live longer. Optimistic people live as much as 15% longer than pessimists. Scientists combined data from two large, long-term studies: one including 69,744 women and another of 1,429 men, all of whom completed questionnaires that assessed their feelings about the future. After controlling for health conditions, behaviors, like diet and exercise and other demographic information, the scientists showed that the most optimistic women (top 25%) lived an average of 14.9% longer than their more pessimistic peers.
For the men, the most optimistic of the bunch lived 10.9% longer than their peers, on average. Results were published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The most optimistic women were also 1.5 times more likely to reach 85 years old than the least optimistic women, whereas the most optimistic men were 1.7 times more likely to make it to that age.
Prof Bruce Hood, chair of developmental psychology in society at the University of Bristol runs a course called "the science of happiness". He said the study supported existing evidence of the benefits of positive thinking. He added: "I think that one causal mechanism could be that optimists cope better with stress, and this could be by avoiding rumination about negative life events.
A recent study spanning thousands of people and three decades, confirmed optimists live longer. Optimistic people live as much as 15% longer than pessimists. Scientists combined data from two large, long-term studies: one including 69,744 women and another of 1,429 men, all of whom completed questionnaires that assessed their feelings about the future. After controlling for health conditions, behaviors, like diet and exercise and other demographic information, the scientists showed that the most optimistic women (top 25%) lived an average of 14.9% longer than their more pessimistic peers.
For the men, the most optimistic of the bunch lived 10.9% longer than their peers, on average. Results were published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The most optimistic women were also 1.5 times more likely to reach 85 years old than the least optimistic women, whereas the most optimistic men were 1.7 times more likely to make it to that age.
Prof Bruce Hood, chair of developmental psychology in society at the University of Bristol runs a course called "the science of happiness". He said the study supported existing evidence of the benefits of positive thinking. He added: "I think that one causal mechanism could be that optimists cope better with stress, and this could be by avoiding rumination about negative life events.
Sep 6, 2019
Happy Friday
Happiness is not the
fulfillment of what you want, but the realization of what you
already have.
I am always fulfilled, especially on a Happy Friday!
I am always fulfilled, especially on a Happy Friday!
Conception Day, Russia
September 12 is Conception Day, also called Procreation Day in
Russia and couples get the day off specifically to have sex.
Couples who “give birth to a patriot” during the June 12
festivities win money, cars, refrigerators and other prizes.
Origin of Cardboard Box
Few inventions have blended as seamlessly into our
daily living routines as the humble cardboard box. During the
1st and 2nd century, the Han Dynasty of China was pioneering the
use of paper. During the same era, sheets of bark from the
Mulberry tree were used to wrap and protect food, one of the
earliest examples of a sturdy, wood-based product being
re-purposed for packaging.
The earliest form of the cardboard box as we know it today did not appear until the 1817 German board game The Game of Besieging. Throughout the 19th century, companies began using the boxes as a means of storage and transport for cereals and even for moth eggs used by silk manufacturers.
A pleat was needed in order to turn these carriers into something more durable. During 1856, top hat peddlers Edward Allen and Edward Healey used a stiffer paper made with a fluted sheet in the middle of two layers to provide stability and warmth to the lining. It was a precursor to corrugated cardboard.
The breakthrough came during 1879, when Robert Gair, owner of a Brooklyn paper factory, figured out he could both score a single sheet of cardboard and then have his printing press cut it at the same time, eliminating hand-cutting.
Gair sold consumer product companies on this handy new form of storage, eventually receiving a 2-million-piece order from Nabisco. Snack foods could now travel without the danger of being crushed, and soon the cardboard box was migrating from kitchen cupboards to anywhere a cheap, effective form of packaging was needed.
During the 1930s, the Finnish government adopted the boxes as part of a take-home maternity package for new mothers who may not have been able to afford cribs. Babies took their first naps in the mattress-lined box.
The earliest form of the cardboard box as we know it today did not appear until the 1817 German board game The Game of Besieging. Throughout the 19th century, companies began using the boxes as a means of storage and transport for cereals and even for moth eggs used by silk manufacturers.
A pleat was needed in order to turn these carriers into something more durable. During 1856, top hat peddlers Edward Allen and Edward Healey used a stiffer paper made with a fluted sheet in the middle of two layers to provide stability and warmth to the lining. It was a precursor to corrugated cardboard.
The breakthrough came during 1879, when Robert Gair, owner of a Brooklyn paper factory, figured out he could both score a single sheet of cardboard and then have his printing press cut it at the same time, eliminating hand-cutting.
Gair sold consumer product companies on this handy new form of storage, eventually receiving a 2-million-piece order from Nabisco. Snack foods could now travel without the danger of being crushed, and soon the cardboard box was migrating from kitchen cupboards to anywhere a cheap, effective form of packaging was needed.
During the 1930s, the Finnish government adopted the boxes as part of a take-home maternity package for new mothers who may not have been able to afford cribs. Babies took their first naps in the mattress-lined box.
Blog Visitors
An interesting change this past month as the top twelve
countries reading my blog were, in order: United States,
Vietnam, United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates, Turkey, Thailand,
Taiwan, Switzerland, Sri Lanka, South Korea, and South Africa.
Welcome to my new BFFs. Am delighted by the diversity of
readers.
More Phone Scams
Scammers are offering “free” genetic tests and claiming
Medicare will cover it, so they can get your Medicare Number and
use it to commit fraud and identity theft. They are targeting
people through telemarketing calls, health fairs, and even
knocking on doors.
Only a doctor you know and trust should order and approve any requests for genetic testing. If Medicare is billed for a test or screening that was not medically necessary and/or was not ordered by your doctor, the claim could be denied. That means you could be responsible for the entire cost of the test, which could be thousands of dollars.
To protect yourself, do not share your Medicare Number, Social Security Number, or other personal information with anyone who offers to give you a "free" in-person genetic screening or cheek swab, or a DNA testing kit in the mail. If you get a genetic testing kit in the mail, refuse the delivery or discard unless your doctor ordered it.
- A scammer will call someone and inform them that due to "suspicious activity," their SSN has been "suspended," and in order to reactivate it, they need to either pay a small fee or "confirm" their SSN by reading it over the phone. During 2017, the Social Security Administration reported that 3,200 people had fallen victim to this scam, for a total cost of $210,000. In 2018, that figure rocketed to 35,000 victims and a total cost of $10 million. During 2019, from February and March alone, over 36,000 people were successfully scammed out of $6.7 million.
- First a scammer will call your phone, being sure to only ring once, and then hang up. They do this again and again, in the hope that you are so flustered by the volume of missed calls that you do not notice you're about to call a premium-rate toll number based in some far-off country. You then get hit with a variety of charges, none of which you will find out about until your next phone bill, while the scammers walk away with a cut of the proceeds. Caveat Emptor.
Only a doctor you know and trust should order and approve any requests for genetic testing. If Medicare is billed for a test or screening that was not medically necessary and/or was not ordered by your doctor, the claim could be denied. That means you could be responsible for the entire cost of the test, which could be thousands of dollars.
To protect yourself, do not share your Medicare Number, Social Security Number, or other personal information with anyone who offers to give you a "free" in-person genetic screening or cheek swab, or a DNA testing kit in the mail. If you get a genetic testing kit in the mail, refuse the delivery or discard unless your doctor ordered it.
- A scammer will call someone and inform them that due to "suspicious activity," their SSN has been "suspended," and in order to reactivate it, they need to either pay a small fee or "confirm" their SSN by reading it over the phone. During 2017, the Social Security Administration reported that 3,200 people had fallen victim to this scam, for a total cost of $210,000. In 2018, that figure rocketed to 35,000 victims and a total cost of $10 million. During 2019, from February and March alone, over 36,000 people were successfully scammed out of $6.7 million.
- First a scammer will call your phone, being sure to only ring once, and then hang up. They do this again and again, in the hope that you are so flustered by the volume of missed calls that you do not notice you're about to call a premium-rate toll number based in some far-off country. You then get hit with a variety of charges, none of which you will find out about until your next phone bill, while the scammers walk away with a cut of the proceeds. Caveat Emptor.
World Wide Web Turns Thirty
The World Wide Web turns 30 during 2019. It took
16 years to add the first billion users, six more years to add
the second billion and is now adding a billion users every 2.7
years.
During 2014, 26% of users connected to the web using a cellular phone. Today that has grown to 48%.
There are 11 new users on the web every second. The most considerable growth of internet users is in India, which had almost 100 million new internet users during 2018, a 21% increase. That represents 25% of all new internet users in the world for last year.
About 40% of internet users now interface with the web using voice. In China and India, over half of users interface the web with voice.
GlobalWebIndex reports that 92% of Internet users (about 4 billion) now watch video each month. Incidentally, there are an estimated 6 billion people around the world have access to a television.
During 2014, 26% of users connected to the web using a cellular phone. Today that has grown to 48%.
There are 11 new users on the web every second. The most considerable growth of internet users is in India, which had almost 100 million new internet users during 2018, a 21% increase. That represents 25% of all new internet users in the world for last year.
About 40% of internet users now interface with the web using voice. In China and India, over half of users interface the web with voice.
GlobalWebIndex reports that 92% of Internet users (about 4 billion) now watch video each month. Incidentally, there are an estimated 6 billion people around the world have access to a television.
Live Sports Delays
Have you noticed some sports channels seem to be a bit late?
Here is the reason:
Live sports delays - At the game, no delay,
Over the air live 5 to 10 seconds behind real live so network bleep out bad content/language,
Cable/satellite 20 to 40 seconds behind live,
Streaming anywhere between 30 and 100 seconds behind live based on app and how you watch, such as roku fire tv, phone, etc.,
Just enough time to make a sure thing bet. You are welcome.
Live sports delays - At the game, no delay,
Over the air live 5 to 10 seconds behind real live so network bleep out bad content/language,
Cable/satellite 20 to 40 seconds behind live,
Streaming anywhere between 30 and 100 seconds behind live based on app and how you watch, such as roku fire tv, phone, etc.,
Just enough time to make a sure thing bet. You are welcome.
UPC vs. SKU vs. PLU
Stores use many codes for inventory tracking. Here are a few
you might have seen, but not sure how they are used.
A UPC, or Universal Product Code, is the number (usually under the barcode) universally used to identify a certain product. Identical products at different stores will have the same UPC. There are multiple UPCs. UPC10, UPC11, UPC12, and UPC14 are frequently used, with UPC12 being the most popular.
A SKU, or Stock Keeping Unit, is the product code used by an individual store. Many SKUs, for simplicity’s sake, were simply their UPCs, but most store-brand items have shorter SKU numbers. If a product’s packaging changes there might be two different UPCs represented by one SKU, because the newer item would eventually replace the older one.
A PLU is a Price (or Product) Look-Up. Some are universal, such as 4011 for bananas and some can be assigned by the store for unique items. Items with a PLU are generally sold by weight, or volume, or quantity. An item sold with a PLU could have 3 different numbers to represent its price, UPC, and the store’s stock keeping unit.
A UPC, or Universal Product Code, is the number (usually under the barcode) universally used to identify a certain product. Identical products at different stores will have the same UPC. There are multiple UPCs. UPC10, UPC11, UPC12, and UPC14 are frequently used, with UPC12 being the most popular.
A SKU, or Stock Keeping Unit, is the product code used by an individual store. Many SKUs, for simplicity’s sake, were simply their UPCs, but most store-brand items have shorter SKU numbers. If a product’s packaging changes there might be two different UPCs represented by one SKU, because the newer item would eventually replace the older one.
A PLU is a Price (or Product) Look-Up. Some are universal, such as 4011 for bananas and some can be assigned by the store for unique items. Items with a PLU are generally sold by weight, or volume, or quantity. An item sold with a PLU could have 3 different numbers to represent its price, UPC, and the store’s stock keeping unit.
Calzone vs. Stromboli
When I was younger, a pizzeria where I lived
advertised its stuffed pizza. It was really, a Calzone, but we
were not familiar with that name. The place was wonderful and
the "stuffed pizza" gained a loyal following. Another place I
lived had a bakery with the best Stromboli and it was on the
weekly list of must have dinners. Sadly, miss them both.
One of the major differences between a Calzone and a Stromboli, beside shape is the sauce. In a Stromboli the sauce is baked in and with a Calzone it is served on the side like a dipping sauce.
Calzone origin: Naples, Italy
Tomato Sauce: On the side
How it is made: Baked or fried
Shape: Crescent moon (think of pizza folded in half)
Stromboli origin: Philadelphia, PA
Tomato sauce: Baked in
How it is made: Baked
Shape: Log
My mouth is watering just thinking about both of the pizza treats.
One of the major differences between a Calzone and a Stromboli, beside shape is the sauce. In a Stromboli the sauce is baked in and with a Calzone it is served on the side like a dipping sauce.
Calzone origin: Naples, Italy
Tomato Sauce: On the side
How it is made: Baked or fried
Shape: Crescent moon (think of pizza folded in half)
Stromboli origin: Philadelphia, PA
Tomato sauce: Baked in
How it is made: Baked
Shape: Log
My mouth is watering just thinking about both of the pizza treats.
Happy Friday
A smile is the quickest way to get a yes
answer without asking a question.
Yes, I always enjoy a Happy Friday!
Yes, I always enjoy a Happy Friday!
Burning of Zozobra
On the Friday before Labor Day each year, Santa Fe residents
watch as their sadness and gloom go up in flames. Traditionally,
burning Zozobra allows gloom and sadness to be dispelled so the
fiesta can begin. The 50-foot-tall, white-clad, dreadful faced
marionette is mounted high above Fort Marcy Park. His growls
turn to agonizing screams as the Fire Spirit dances and throws
flames at Zozobra’s feet. He begins to scream violently as he is
set on fire and begins to burn. Fireworks burst forth from
within the marionette, burning him completely and he crashes to
the ground.
The crowd cheers as the monster representing their sorrows explodes before crumpling to the ground in defeat. Setting this massive marionette aflame rids Santa Fe of doom and gloom for another year.
The crowd cheers as the monster representing their sorrows explodes before crumpling to the ground in defeat. Setting this massive marionette aflame rids Santa Fe of doom and gloom for another year.
International Bacon Day
Happy Bacon Day! August 31, 2019
I would be remiss if I forgot this wonderful day. It is always celebrated on the Saturday before the US Labor Day Holiday.
For a free peek at some wonderful bacon facts and trivia, try this link to my book 'Bacon Orgazmia' on Amazon
I would be remiss if I forgot this wonderful day. It is always celebrated on the Saturday before the US Labor Day Holiday.
For a free peek at some wonderful bacon facts and trivia, try this link to my book 'Bacon Orgazmia' on Amazon
Skin Facts
Your skin is the largest organ in your body. It makes up about
16% of your body weight and covers about 1.73 square meters.
The skin is composed of several layers. The very top layer is the epidermis and is the layer of skin you can see. The epidermis is waterproof and serves as a protective wrap for the underlying skin layers and the rest of the body. It contains melanin, which protects against the sun’s harmful rays and also gives skin its color. The epidermis also contains very sensitive cells called touch receptors that give the brain a variety of information about the environment the body is in. It is the layer upon the dermis, the second layer of skin.
The dermis contains hair follicles, sweat glands, oil glands, blood vessels, nerve endings, and a variety of touch receptors. Its primary function is to sustain and support the epidermis by diffusing nutrients to it and replacing the skin cells that are shed off the upper layer.
The bottom layer is the subcutaneous tissue which is composed of fat and connective tissue. The layer of fat acts as an insulator and helps regulate body temperature. It also acts as a cushion to protect underlying tissue from damage when you bump into things. The connective tissue keeps the skin attached to the muscles and tendons underneath.
Our sense of touch is controlled by a huge network of nerve endings and touch receptors in the skin known as the somatosensory system. This system is responsible for all the sensations we feel – cold, hot, smooth, rough, pressure, tickle, itch, pain, vibrations, and more. Within the somatosensory system, there are four main types of receptors: mechanoreceptors, thermoreceptors, pain receptors, and proprioceptors.
Mechanoreceptors perceive sensations such as pressure, vibrations, and texture.
Thermoreceptors perceive sensations related to the temperature of objects the skin feels.
Pain receptors detect pain or stimuli that can or does cause damage to the skin and other tissues of the body.
Proprioceptors sense the position of the different parts of the body in relation to each other and the surrounding environment.
Your skin regenerates itself about every 28 days and you have an entirely new layer of skin. It naturally sheds dead skin cells every day.
There are millions of bacteria on your skin. These bacteria are harmless, and your skin microbiota can even help your immune cells to fight microbes that can cause diseases.
The skin is composed of several layers. The very top layer is the epidermis and is the layer of skin you can see. The epidermis is waterproof and serves as a protective wrap for the underlying skin layers and the rest of the body. It contains melanin, which protects against the sun’s harmful rays and also gives skin its color. The epidermis also contains very sensitive cells called touch receptors that give the brain a variety of information about the environment the body is in. It is the layer upon the dermis, the second layer of skin.
The dermis contains hair follicles, sweat glands, oil glands, blood vessels, nerve endings, and a variety of touch receptors. Its primary function is to sustain and support the epidermis by diffusing nutrients to it and replacing the skin cells that are shed off the upper layer.
The bottom layer is the subcutaneous tissue which is composed of fat and connective tissue. The layer of fat acts as an insulator and helps regulate body temperature. It also acts as a cushion to protect underlying tissue from damage when you bump into things. The connective tissue keeps the skin attached to the muscles and tendons underneath.
Our sense of touch is controlled by a huge network of nerve endings and touch receptors in the skin known as the somatosensory system. This system is responsible for all the sensations we feel – cold, hot, smooth, rough, pressure, tickle, itch, pain, vibrations, and more. Within the somatosensory system, there are four main types of receptors: mechanoreceptors, thermoreceptors, pain receptors, and proprioceptors.
Mechanoreceptors perceive sensations such as pressure, vibrations, and texture.
Thermoreceptors perceive sensations related to the temperature of objects the skin feels.
Pain receptors detect pain or stimuli that can or does cause damage to the skin and other tissues of the body.
Proprioceptors sense the position of the different parts of the body in relation to each other and the surrounding environment.
Your skin regenerates itself about every 28 days and you have an entirely new layer of skin. It naturally sheds dead skin cells every day.
There are millions of bacteria on your skin. These bacteria are harmless, and your skin microbiota can even help your immune cells to fight microbes that can cause diseases.
Cartoon Villain Shape
The villains in cartoons, live action, and
animated movies share many of the same characteristics. They
often have horns, pointed ears, protruding chins, sharp eyes,
pointed wings, V-shaped eyebrows, and devilish goatees.
This is because the facial and body shapes of villains are often drawn or designed to resemble triangles with pointed tips. Filmmakers and animators use triangles for villains, because our faces look triangular when we are angry. People also notice triangular and angry faces faster, because they appear threatening.
For movie directors, threatening and angry means evil. This is something backed by science. In one study, volunteers noticed the angry expressions first when shown the faces of smiling, angry, and neutral people. They also noticed the downward-facing triangles first when shown pictures of four triangles pointing up, down, left, and right.
This is because the facial and body shapes of villains are often drawn or designed to resemble triangles with pointed tips. Filmmakers and animators use triangles for villains, because our faces look triangular when we are angry. People also notice triangular and angry faces faster, because they appear threatening.
For movie directors, threatening and angry means evil. This is something backed by science. In one study, volunteers noticed the angry expressions first when shown the faces of smiling, angry, and neutral people. They also noticed the downward-facing triangles first when shown pictures of four triangles pointing up, down, left, and right.
Death Row
The
United States has the 7th highest execution rate in the entire
world, behind China, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Pakistan, and
Egypt. Since 1976, 1,500 people have been executed in the United
States.
Texas, US has executed the most prisoners. In 2018, the 13 men that the state executed was over half of the total executions in the entire country (25). Last year, Texas had almost double the amount of executions compared to the previous two years, as 7 men were executed in both 2016 and 2017.
Twenty Two juveniles were executed between 1976 and 2005 for crimes that they committed while they were underage. In 2005, the Supreme Court ruled that it was unconstitutional to execute juvenile offenders.
As of April 1, 2019, there were 54 women living on death row. Since the death penalty was reinstated during 1976, a total of 16 women have been executed.
Incidentally, Bathsheba Spooner became the first woman to be executed in the United States on July 2, 1778.
Texas, US has executed the most prisoners. In 2018, the 13 men that the state executed was over half of the total executions in the entire country (25). Last year, Texas had almost double the amount of executions compared to the previous two years, as 7 men were executed in both 2016 and 2017.
Twenty Two juveniles were executed between 1976 and 2005 for crimes that they committed while they were underage. In 2005, the Supreme Court ruled that it was unconstitutional to execute juvenile offenders.
As of April 1, 2019, there were 54 women living on death row. Since the death penalty was reinstated during 1976, a total of 16 women have been executed.
Incidentally, Bathsheba Spooner became the first woman to be executed in the United States on July 2, 1778.
LEO and the Internet
Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites are much smaller and
orbit closer to Earth than traditional satellites. The lower
orbit dramatically reduces the time lag that usually comes with
satellite broadband internet. The purpose of these satellites is
to blanket the earth and provide wireless internet service
everywhere.
Elon Musk's SpaceX has plans to launch as many as 12,000 satellites as part of its Starlink constellation. Each Starlink satellite weighs about 500 pounds (227 kilograms) and is about the size of an office desk. They will deploy into orbit about 273 miles (440 kilometers) up. After the first successful launch, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approved Starlink’s formal request to offer broadband service. That service will take a few years to get enough satellites in place for a viable network. Starlink’s ultimate goal is to launch 4,425 satellites by 2024, but it will likely start offering service before then.
Amazon plans to launch a constellation of 3,236 satellites into low Earth orbit in order to provide internet to “unserved and underserved communities around the world.” Amazon confirmed that Kuiper Systems is one of its projects.
Telesat successfully launched a test LEO satellite in January 2018. Telesat announced during July 2019 that it had partnered with the Government of Canada in a mission to provide affordable high-speed Internet connectivity across rural and remote areas of Canada through the development of Telesat's LEO Satellite Constellation. Blue Origin will launch the next Telesat LEO satellites using its New Glenn rocket, which is currently under construction. Telesat plans to launch 120 LEO satellites by 2021, all with Blue Origin.
OneWeb has an initial 600-satellite constellation currently being built out to provide global satellite Internet broadband services beginning in 2021. The first six satellites of the constellation were launched in February 2019 and plans to launch 900 LEO satellites by the end of 2019 using Virgin Orbit and Blue Origin. OneWeb is considering nearly quadrupling the size of the satellite constellation over time by adding 1,972 additional satellites.
Jeff Bezos’s rocket company, Blue Origin, is not building a satellite network, but is building reusable spacecrafts to launch satellites for a variety of companies. Telesat, the largest satellite internet provider in Canada, is one such company.
Loon, started by Google and now run by parent company Alphabet, is slightly different from the other companies. It is not building a satellite constellation, but it is using similar concepts. Instead of an orbiting network in space, Loon uses weather balloons to float transmitters high in the atmosphere, essentially creating a floating network in the sky.
Facebook, filed a request with the federal government to fly a single experimental satellite in low orbit. It has not committed to deploy a full-fledged network or revealed much about its strategy. Other smaller companies with smaller wallets have also begun to join the race.
All will also require a network of Earth stations for the satellites to communicate with. There is much competition, many dollars to spend, and much work to do before we see the results in our living rooms.
Elon Musk's SpaceX has plans to launch as many as 12,000 satellites as part of its Starlink constellation. Each Starlink satellite weighs about 500 pounds (227 kilograms) and is about the size of an office desk. They will deploy into orbit about 273 miles (440 kilometers) up. After the first successful launch, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approved Starlink’s formal request to offer broadband service. That service will take a few years to get enough satellites in place for a viable network. Starlink’s ultimate goal is to launch 4,425 satellites by 2024, but it will likely start offering service before then.
Amazon plans to launch a constellation of 3,236 satellites into low Earth orbit in order to provide internet to “unserved and underserved communities around the world.” Amazon confirmed that Kuiper Systems is one of its projects.
Telesat successfully launched a test LEO satellite in January 2018. Telesat announced during July 2019 that it had partnered with the Government of Canada in a mission to provide affordable high-speed Internet connectivity across rural and remote areas of Canada through the development of Telesat's LEO Satellite Constellation. Blue Origin will launch the next Telesat LEO satellites using its New Glenn rocket, which is currently under construction. Telesat plans to launch 120 LEO satellites by 2021, all with Blue Origin.
OneWeb has an initial 600-satellite constellation currently being built out to provide global satellite Internet broadband services beginning in 2021. The first six satellites of the constellation were launched in February 2019 and plans to launch 900 LEO satellites by the end of 2019 using Virgin Orbit and Blue Origin. OneWeb is considering nearly quadrupling the size of the satellite constellation over time by adding 1,972 additional satellites.
Jeff Bezos’s rocket company, Blue Origin, is not building a satellite network, but is building reusable spacecrafts to launch satellites for a variety of companies. Telesat, the largest satellite internet provider in Canada, is one such company.
Loon, started by Google and now run by parent company Alphabet, is slightly different from the other companies. It is not building a satellite constellation, but it is using similar concepts. Instead of an orbiting network in space, Loon uses weather balloons to float transmitters high in the atmosphere, essentially creating a floating network in the sky.
Facebook, filed a request with the federal government to fly a single experimental satellite in low orbit. It has not committed to deploy a full-fledged network or revealed much about its strategy. Other smaller companies with smaller wallets have also begun to join the race.
All will also require a network of Earth stations for the satellites to communicate with. There is much competition, many dollars to spend, and much work to do before we see the results in our living rooms.
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