That was his title, his name was Temüjin,
which means “of iron” or “blacksmith.” He was the Great Khan and
founder of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest
contiguous empire in history after his death. First Khagan (Great
Kahn) of the Mongol Empire and Supreme Khan of the Mongols, the
King of Kings.
Between 1206 and his
death in 1227, the Mongol leader Genghis Khan conquered nearly
12 million square miles of territory, more than any individual
in history. He was responsible for the deaths of as many as 40
million people.
He came to power by uniting many of the nomadic tribes of
Northeast Asia. After founding the Empire and being proclaimed
"Genghis Khan," he launched the Mongol invasions that conquered
most of Eurasia.
The Mongol Empire ended up ruling, or at least briefly
conquering, large parts of modern day China, Mongolia, Russia,
Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Iraq, Iran, Turkey, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan,
Turkmenistan, Moldova, and Kuwait. Many of these invasions
repeated the earlier large-scale slaughters of local
populations.
Sep 8, 2017
Scissors Facts
Many people mistakenly give credit to Leonardo da Vinci for
inventing scissors, but scissors were invented many years before
him. Some believe scissors were invented in the Middle East over
3,000 years ago. The device consisted of two bronze blades
connected by a spring-like mechanism that kept the blades apart
until they were squeezed together.
A pair of scissors more like modern scissors with a cross-blade design was developed by the ancient Romans around 100 A.D.
Cross-blade scissors were made by hand for hundreds of years and were not mass-produced until 1761 when English manufacturer Robert Hinchliffe adapted the design so it could be manufactured in a factory. He was also the first to make scissors with steel.
Today, there are a wide variety of scissors with specific purposes. Scissors with a length in excess of six inches are often referred to as shears. Children's or safety scissors have dull blades and rounded tips to ensure their safe use in school environments. Nail scissors were specially developed to cut fingernails and toenails. There are also specialty scissors used by hairdressers, seamstresses, doctors, and more.
A pair of scissors more like modern scissors with a cross-blade design was developed by the ancient Romans around 100 A.D.
Cross-blade scissors were made by hand for hundreds of years and were not mass-produced until 1761 when English manufacturer Robert Hinchliffe adapted the design so it could be manufactured in a factory. He was also the first to make scissors with steel.
Today, there are a wide variety of scissors with specific purposes. Scissors with a length in excess of six inches are often referred to as shears. Children's or safety scissors have dull blades and rounded tips to ensure their safe use in school environments. Nail scissors were specially developed to cut fingernails and toenails. There are also specialty scissors used by hairdressers, seamstresses, doctors, and more.
Gas is Not a Gas
Soon after oil was found in Pennsylvania during 1859, John
Cassell, publisher and coffee merchant, began importing it to
London. Cassell came up with a name for the substance, inspired
by his own name, cazeline. On 27 November 1862 he placed an
advertisement in The Times that stated, "The Patent Cazeline
Oil, safe, economical, and brilliant … possesses all the
requisites which have so long been desired as a means of
powerful artificial light.
The first use of gasoline to be found in America is in an 1864 Act of Congress which declared a tax on the oil.
Cassell discovered a shopkeeper in Dublin, Samuel Boyd selling counterfeit cazeline and wrote to him to ask him to stop. Boyd did not reply, but instead went through his stock, changing with a single dash of his pen, every ‘C’ into a ‘G’ and gazeline was born.
The first use of gasoline to be found in America is in an 1864 Act of Congress which declared a tax on the oil.
Cassell discovered a shopkeeper in Dublin, Samuel Boyd selling counterfeit cazeline and wrote to him to ask him to stop. Boyd did not reply, but instead went through his stock, changing with a single dash of his pen, every ‘C’ into a ‘G’ and gazeline was born.
Aug 25, 2017
Happy Friday
Each day is not an
occurrence, it is an opportunity.
Take advantage of the opportunity to celebrate a Happy Friday!
Take advantage of the opportunity to celebrate a Happy Friday!
Just Because Day
We celebrate the unofficial holiday each year on August 27.
You can celebrate this day any way you choose, just because. It
started during the 1950s and has been growing in celebrations
since then.
Every day we all do things that are expected or required of us. On National Just Because Day, that does not apply. The day is a chance to do something without reason. How about that person you have secretly been wanting to kiss; do it, just because.
Possibly you want to sing really loud while in your car by yourself with your windows rolled down; do it, just because. I may walk around the block backward, just because.
Incidentally, August 27 is also National Burger Day in the UK. They probably chose that day, just because.
Every day we all do things that are expected or required of us. On National Just Because Day, that does not apply. The day is a chance to do something without reason. How about that person you have secretly been wanting to kiss; do it, just because.
Possibly you want to sing really loud while in your car by yourself with your windows rolled down; do it, just because. I may walk around the block backward, just because.
Incidentally, August 27 is also National Burger Day in the UK. They probably chose that day, just because.
OTA vs. Cable
Satellite and cable TV companies have massive networks, carrying
100s of channels to millions of customers. To effectively
service these customers, they use digital compression
technologies to shrink the size of the signal, allowing more
channels to fit on the cable. When compressing the signal, some
of the original data is lost. The result is the picture on your
TV loses sharpness and detail.
We have been accustomed to cable and with no comparison, the picture we see is presumed to be the best that can be put out by our TV screen. Many channels are not even delivered in 1080p as we presume. They are still delivered as 720p. The only reason pictures look better is that the new flat screen TVs are adept at up-scaling the signal to make it look better (even though it is not as good as it could be).
OTA means Over The Air. It is difficult to compare the new TV antennas with the old rabbit ears, because the rabbit ears were analog and the new antennas are digital. Using an antenna to pick up a signal over the air provides an uncompressed signal directly to your TV. The results are significantly noticeable and better than cable. A few friends and I have recently added antennas and comparing the picture is as easy as clicking on the input to go from cable to OTA. In every case on each TV the resulting picture is remarkably better with an antenna.
Incidentally, if your cable package blacks out some sports, pick up an antenna, just for game day. They are cheap and can be easily hung on a wall or in a window with a pin or sticky tape. Also great if you want to watch TV out by the patio or pool, no extra wiring, just drag out your TV and attach an antenna.
We have been accustomed to cable and with no comparison, the picture we see is presumed to be the best that can be put out by our TV screen. Many channels are not even delivered in 1080p as we presume. They are still delivered as 720p. The only reason pictures look better is that the new flat screen TVs are adept at up-scaling the signal to make it look better (even though it is not as good as it could be).
OTA means Over The Air. It is difficult to compare the new TV antennas with the old rabbit ears, because the rabbit ears were analog and the new antennas are digital. Using an antenna to pick up a signal over the air provides an uncompressed signal directly to your TV. The results are significantly noticeable and better than cable. A few friends and I have recently added antennas and comparing the picture is as easy as clicking on the input to go from cable to OTA. In every case on each TV the resulting picture is remarkably better with an antenna.
Incidentally, if your cable package blacks out some sports, pick up an antenna, just for game day. They are cheap and can be easily hung on a wall or in a window with a pin or sticky tape. Also great if you want to watch TV out by the patio or pool, no extra wiring, just drag out your TV and attach an antenna.
Alphabet Facts
The word alphabet is derived from the first two letters of the
Greek alphabet, alpha and beta. We owe our own alphabet to the
Phoenicians. Their 22 letter alphabet had no vowels, but it was
used as the basis of the ancient Greek alphabet, which in turn
was adapted by the Romans, and is essentially the same as the
one we use today.
A sentence that contains all 26 letters of the alphabet is called a pangram.
Ernest Vincent Wright's novel Gadsby: Champion of Youth (1939) - a story of more than 50,000 words in which the letter ‘e’ never appears. George Perec’s novel La Disparition (1969) which doesn’t contain the letter ‘e’. Its English translation, A Void by Gilbert Adair, also avoids using the letter ‘e’ which is the most common letter in both languages.
A sentence that contains all 26 letters of the alphabet is called a pangram.
Ernest Vincent Wright's novel Gadsby: Champion of Youth (1939) - a story of more than 50,000 words in which the letter ‘e’ never appears. George Perec’s novel La Disparition (1969) which doesn’t contain the letter ‘e’. Its English translation, A Void by Gilbert Adair, also avoids using the letter ‘e’ which is the most common letter in both languages.
Wordology, Fulsome
By far, its most common use is in the expression “fulsome
praise,” which would seem like a good thing. The word sounds
positive, drawing mental associations to “full” and “wholesome.”
At one point, this was exactly what the word meant.
Then Samuel Johnson, considered the father of the English dictionary came along. He and Noah Webster thought that the word “fulsome,” which mostly held a positive connotation for hundreds of years (meaning “copious” or “abundant”), drew its roots from the word “foul” and “fulsome” gained its negative connotation. Many have fought and continue to fight for its original use, even as far back as 1868.
The word simultaneously retains both definitions, and even former president Barack Obama used the word in its much older, positive sense. He came under some scrutiny for that and for the fact that he misused “enormity.” It is another word that may create an entirely new definition, because people incorrectly associate it with size.
“Fulsome praise” usually means “disgustingly over-the-top and insincere praise, but some have assumed its meaning to be more positive.
Then Samuel Johnson, considered the father of the English dictionary came along. He and Noah Webster thought that the word “fulsome,” which mostly held a positive connotation for hundreds of years (meaning “copious” or “abundant”), drew its roots from the word “foul” and “fulsome” gained its negative connotation. Many have fought and continue to fight for its original use, even as far back as 1868.
The word simultaneously retains both definitions, and even former president Barack Obama used the word in its much older, positive sense. He came under some scrutiny for that and for the fact that he misused “enormity.” It is another word that may create an entirely new definition, because people incorrectly associate it with size.
“Fulsome praise” usually means “disgustingly over-the-top and insincere praise, but some have assumed its meaning to be more positive.
Hispanic vs. Latino
Many people use the terms "Hispanic" and "Latino"
interchangeably, they actually have different meanings. There is
significant overlap between the terms, but their differences may
make only one term correct in certain circumstances.
Hispanic and Latino are often mistakenly used to refer to race or color. Instead, these terms actually describe ethnicity.
Hispanic is a term that focuses on language and describes the culture and people of areas formerly ruled by the Spanish Empire. The common thread among Hispanics is the shared common language of Spanish. This would include areas such as Mexico, Central America, and most of South America.
Latino (or Latina for females), on the other hand, focuses on geography and describes people of Latin American descent. This would include countries in South America, Central America, the Caribbean, and North America whose people speak Romance languages, such as Spanish, French, Italian, and Portuguese.
Based upon those definitions, it's easy to see how much overlap there is between the terms Hispanic and Latino. To make things more confusing, the term "Hispanic" comes from the Latin word for "Spain," while Latino comes from the Spanish word for "Latin."
To see where the two terms differ, consider the people of Brazilian descent. Since the people of Brazil speak Portuguese rather than Spanish, they would be considered Latino but not Hispanic.
So, the terms have much overlap, but they are not completely interchangeable. Hispanics and Latinos generally choose not to use either term. Instead, most prefer to be referred to simply as Americans or by their family's national origin, such as Mexican-American, Cuban-American, etc.
Today, there are more than 56 million Hispanic and Latino people in the United States, over 17% of the US population.
Hispanic and Latino are often mistakenly used to refer to race or color. Instead, these terms actually describe ethnicity.
Hispanic is a term that focuses on language and describes the culture and people of areas formerly ruled by the Spanish Empire. The common thread among Hispanics is the shared common language of Spanish. This would include areas such as Mexico, Central America, and most of South America.
Latino (or Latina for females), on the other hand, focuses on geography and describes people of Latin American descent. This would include countries in South America, Central America, the Caribbean, and North America whose people speak Romance languages, such as Spanish, French, Italian, and Portuguese.
Based upon those definitions, it's easy to see how much overlap there is between the terms Hispanic and Latino. To make things more confusing, the term "Hispanic" comes from the Latin word for "Spain," while Latino comes from the Spanish word for "Latin."
To see where the two terms differ, consider the people of Brazilian descent. Since the people of Brazil speak Portuguese rather than Spanish, they would be considered Latino but not Hispanic.
So, the terms have much overlap, but they are not completely interchangeable. Hispanics and Latinos generally choose not to use either term. Instead, most prefer to be referred to simply as Americans or by their family's national origin, such as Mexican-American, Cuban-American, etc.
Today, there are more than 56 million Hispanic and Latino people in the United States, over 17% of the US population.
Corpsing
On
stage 'dead' actors involuntarily laughing is such a big
problem, that in British theater it is known as 'corpsing'. This
has become generalized to any situation where an actor laughs
inappropriately; any time you see a reference to an actor
"corpsing", it means they ruined the shot by laughing.
Wordology, Terminal Velocity
You close your eyes and jump. You feel yourself in free fall, hurtling toward Earth, open your eyes and see the ground slowly getting closer. You seem to be picking up speed as you fall and soon you hit terminal velocity. It is the velocity at which you stop accelerating. It describes a physical reality based upon Newton's First Law of Motion.
When an object falls freely through a medium, such as water or air, the force of gravity pulls it toward Earth. As the object falls, its velocity increases as it accelerates toward Earth.
Gravity is not the only force working on the object. Air molecules collide with the falling object, pushing it upward against gravity. Scientists call this force air resistance. As the velocity of the falling object increases, so does air resistance.
Eventually, air resistance will equal the weight of the object in free fall. When this occurs, the object reaches terminal velocity. This means the falling object has reached its maximum velocity. The object will continue to fall at the same speed (terminal velocity) for the remainder of its free fall, until it hits Earth or a parachute opens.
Terminal velocity can be affected by a few different factors. For example, a heavier object will generally have a higher terminal velocity and a smaller surface area will have a higher terminal velocity than a larger surface area.
Most skydivers reach a terminal velocity of about 125 miles per hour. Experienced skydivers who streamline their bodies during free fall have reached speeds of over 200 miles per hour.
During October, 2012, Austrian skydiver Felix Baumgartner jumped from a helium balloon in the stratosphere, twenty four miles above Earth. Because the atmosphere at that height is so thin, there is next to no air resistance at the beginning of the free fall. This allows the skydiver to reach a much higher terminal velocity before encountering Earth's normal atmosphere far below.
On Baumgartner's skydive, he reached an estimated top speed of approximately 843.6 miles per hour.
When an object falls freely through a medium, such as water or air, the force of gravity pulls it toward Earth. As the object falls, its velocity increases as it accelerates toward Earth.
Gravity is not the only force working on the object. Air molecules collide with the falling object, pushing it upward against gravity. Scientists call this force air resistance. As the velocity of the falling object increases, so does air resistance.
Eventually, air resistance will equal the weight of the object in free fall. When this occurs, the object reaches terminal velocity. This means the falling object has reached its maximum velocity. The object will continue to fall at the same speed (terminal velocity) for the remainder of its free fall, until it hits Earth or a parachute opens.
Terminal velocity can be affected by a few different factors. For example, a heavier object will generally have a higher terminal velocity and a smaller surface area will have a higher terminal velocity than a larger surface area.
Most skydivers reach a terminal velocity of about 125 miles per hour. Experienced skydivers who streamline their bodies during free fall have reached speeds of over 200 miles per hour.
During October, 2012, Austrian skydiver Felix Baumgartner jumped from a helium balloon in the stratosphere, twenty four miles above Earth. Because the atmosphere at that height is so thin, there is next to no air resistance at the beginning of the free fall. This allows the skydiver to reach a much higher terminal velocity before encountering Earth's normal atmosphere far below.
On Baumgartner's skydive, he reached an estimated top speed of approximately 843.6 miles per hour.
Aug 18, 2017
Happy Friday
If you worry about What Was or What Will Be, you miss What Is.
Get up and decide What Is is time to celebrate a Happy Friday!
Get up and decide What Is is time to celebrate a Happy Friday!
Total Solar Eclipse
A total solar eclipse is happening on August 21, 2017, and
for the first time in nearly a hundred years, it will be visible
from much of the continental US. In the US, the eclipse will
appear to move across the country from West to East, with the
best view starting around 9:05 a.m. PDT in Lincoln Beach,
Oregon, according to NASA, and moving southeast throughout the
day to end around Charleston, South Carolina at 2:48 pm EDT.
It is true that you should not look directly at it with your naked eyes, because the sun delivers more power than our eyes are designed to handle, and it will damage your retinas. Not likely to make you blind, but could cause serious ongoing problems.
In Dallas, the Partial Eclipse begins Aug 21 at 11:40 am. The moon touches the Sun's edge Maximum Eclipse at 1:09 pm. The moon is closest to the center of the Sun. The Partial Eclipse ends at 2:39 pm.
When the moon passes between Earth and the sun, and scores a bull’s eye by completely blotting out the sunlight, that is a total solar eclipse. The moon casts a shadow on our planet. The total eclipse will last up to 2 minutes and 40 seconds in places. A partial eclipse will be visible along the periphery.
Below are site links to see the eclipse online. In addition to the links below, you can check YouTube, which also promises live viewing.
It is true that you should not look directly at it with your naked eyes, because the sun delivers more power than our eyes are designed to handle, and it will damage your retinas. Not likely to make you blind, but could cause serious ongoing problems.
In Dallas, the Partial Eclipse begins Aug 21 at 11:40 am. The moon touches the Sun's edge Maximum Eclipse at 1:09 pm. The moon is closest to the center of the Sun. The Partial Eclipse ends at 2:39 pm.
When the moon passes between Earth and the sun, and scores a bull’s eye by completely blotting out the sunlight, that is a total solar eclipse. The moon casts a shadow on our planet. The total eclipse will last up to 2 minutes and 40 seconds in places. A partial eclipse will be visible along the periphery.
Below are site links to see the eclipse online. In addition to the links below, you can check YouTube, which also promises live viewing.
- Desktop: NASA TV Livestream Megacast
(includes video from space, high-altitude balloons, and
aircraft)
- Desktop: NASA EDGE
telescope views (toggle between 5 views)
- Desktop: Eclipse.Stream.Live (a.k.a. The
Eclipse Ballooning Project, featuring footage captured by
100 high-altitude balloons from 55 teams of students
around the country)
- Desktop: Astronomy.com
- Desktop: San Francisco Exploratorium website
- iOS: Total Solar Eclipse app (from the San Francisco Exploratorium)
- Android: Total Solar Eclipse app (from the San Francisco Exploratorium)
- https://www.timeanddate.com/live/
National Spumoni Day
August 21 is National Spumoni Day in the United
States. Go out and eat some great Spumoni ice cream while
watching the eclipse. It will make you happy.
Ostrich Facts
Ostriches are the largest flightless bird
living today, and also happen to lay the largest eggs of any
living bird in existence today. In fact, the Guinness World
Record for the largest egg laid by a bird was achieved during
2008 on a farm in Sweden – the egg weighed 5 pounds and 11.36
ounces. A typical ostrich egg is equivalent to about two dozen
chicken eggs.
The shells of ostrich eggs are so thick that most people recommend getting into them by boring in with an electric drill. They usually take about two hours to cook, due to the thickness of the shell.
Ostriches sleep standing up. Ostriches are the fastest two-legged creature in the world. An ostrich when pushed or in danger can achieve speeds of up to 43 miles per hour, and can steadily keep up a pace of about 30 miles per hour for 10 miles at a time without needing to slow down or rest.
Ostriches are found naturally in Africa, but many are also found in southern Australia and some are farmed in the US.
Ostriches do not stick their head in sand when startled or threatened. They dig shallow holes in the dirt to use as nests for their eggs. Several times a day, a bird puts her head down and turns the eggs. It just looks like she is burying her head in the sand.
The shells of ostrich eggs are so thick that most people recommend getting into them by boring in with an electric drill. They usually take about two hours to cook, due to the thickness of the shell.
Ostriches sleep standing up. Ostriches are the fastest two-legged creature in the world. An ostrich when pushed or in danger can achieve speeds of up to 43 miles per hour, and can steadily keep up a pace of about 30 miles per hour for 10 miles at a time without needing to slow down or rest.
Ostriches are found naturally in Africa, but many are also found in southern Australia and some are farmed in the US.
Ostriches do not stick their head in sand when startled or threatened. They dig shallow holes in the dirt to use as nests for their eggs. Several times a day, a bird puts her head down and turns the eggs. It just looks like she is burying her head in the sand.
Glue Anything to Anything
There is an
interesting web site called thisTothat LINK It has
two boxes and you choose a material to put in each, such wood,
glass, leather, or whatever and it offers suggestions of the
best glue for the project. Very handy.
Wordology, Peruse
Peruse has a controversial double
meaning due to common misuse. Even dictionaries do not all agree
on the meaning of the word.
The primary meaning for the word peruse is to read or look at carefully or thoroughly. Its original meaning is synonymous with words like examine or inspect. The new definition addressing the misuse cropped up rather recently, sometime late in the last century.
The new meaning for the word is to skim, to look through in a casual or selective manner. These definitions have one suggesting a thorough examination and the other a few simple glances.
A word with two potential, opposite meanings is called a contronym, an autoantonym, or a Janus word. Others include: “To bolt” can mean “to run away,” but it can also mean “to hold in place.” “Sanction” can mean “to approve” or “to boycott.”
The primary meaning for the word peruse is to read or look at carefully or thoroughly. Its original meaning is synonymous with words like examine or inspect. The new definition addressing the misuse cropped up rather recently, sometime late in the last century.
The new meaning for the word is to skim, to look through in a casual or selective manner. These definitions have one suggesting a thorough examination and the other a few simple glances.
A word with two potential, opposite meanings is called a contronym, an autoantonym, or a Janus word. Others include: “To bolt” can mean “to run away,” but it can also mean “to hold in place.” “Sanction” can mean “to approve” or “to boycott.”
Elsie the Cow
Elsie is the name of the cow used as the
symbol on Elmer's products. She is the spouse of Elmer, the bull
(male cow) who the company is named after.
Function Keys
Keyboard function keys really do have
functions and some are quite handy. Function keys are usually on
the top row and have an F followed by a number, such as F1, F2,
etc.
The most universal is F1, press it and you get help for almost every program you happen to be using.
F3 is handy for doing searches. For instance, if you are in a document or on a long web page, just press F3 and a search bar appears on the bottom of your screen. (You can also open a search box by holding down the CTRL key and hitting the letter f.)
F6 is handy if you are using a browser. It jumps the cursor to the address bar so you can type a new address in it.
Obviously there are more, but some are used by specific programs, such as F7 while in Microsoft Word checks for spelling. Try them, you may be surprised at how much time you can save.
The most universal is F1, press it and you get help for almost every program you happen to be using.
F3 is handy for doing searches. For instance, if you are in a document or on a long web page, just press F3 and a search bar appears on the bottom of your screen. (You can also open a search box by holding down the CTRL key and hitting the letter f.)
F6 is handy if you are using a browser. It jumps the cursor to the address bar so you can type a new address in it.
Obviously there are more, but some are used by specific programs, such as F7 while in Microsoft Word checks for spelling. Try them, you may be surprised at how much time you can save.
Nude cartoons
Warner Brothers’ Tweety
Bird, was told to put some clothes on. In his first cartoon,
Tweety was pink, but censors said he looked naked, so animator
Bob Clampett said he was repainted yellow, so he appeared to
have feathers.
Aug 12, 2017
Happy Friday
Life
happens, whether you take advantage of it or not.
Take advantage of celebrating a Happy Friday!
Take advantage of celebrating a Happy Friday!
Bacon and Nose Bleeds
According to a study conducted by the Detroit
Medical Center, bacon can quickly and effectively treat a
nosebleed by serving as a nasal tampon. For this bizarre method
to work, one must plug the bleeding nostril with a piece of
cured uncooked pork.
The team tested their bacon hypothesis on a girl who had Glanzmann thrombasthenia, a rare hereditary disease that causes prolonged bleeding. After sticking a piece of cured pork inside the girl’s bloody nose, the bleeding stopped immediately.
The results of this scientific research were published in the Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology. The researchers acknowledged that doctors had used cured pork to treat nosebleeds in the past. However, the practice was discontinued.
The researchers speculated that the high risk of acquiring parasitic and bacterial complications from stuffing one’s nose with cured pork caused the unconventional treatment to be abandoned.
The team tested their bacon hypothesis on a girl who had Glanzmann thrombasthenia, a rare hereditary disease that causes prolonged bleeding. After sticking a piece of cured pork inside the girl’s bloody nose, the bleeding stopped immediately.
The results of this scientific research were published in the Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology. The researchers acknowledged that doctors had used cured pork to treat nosebleeds in the past. However, the practice was discontinued.
The researchers speculated that the high risk of acquiring parasitic and bacterial complications from stuffing one’s nose with cured pork caused the unconventional treatment to be abandoned.
Wordology, Terrific
John Milton, author of Paradise Lost came up
with many new words. One of them is the word terrific, but it
had a different meaning for Milton. He used the word terrific to
mean something that was terrifying, as in terrif fic.
Tree Growth
In the United States, which contains eight percent of the
world's forests, there are more trees than there were a hundred
years ago. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization,
"Forest growth nationally has exceeded harvest since the 1940s.
By 1997, forest growth exceeded harvest by 42 percent and the
volume of forest growth was 380 percent greater than it had been
in 1920."
The U.S. had 319 million people in 2014 and 228 billion trees. The greatest gains have been seen on the East Coast, with average volumes of wood per acre almost doubling since the 1950s. Over 75 percent of the productive commercial forest land in the United States is privately owned.
In a study released during 2015 in Nature, a team of 38 scientists found that the planet is home to 3.04 trillion trees, far surpassing the previously estimate of 400 billion. The researchers estimated there are 422 trees for every person on Earth.
Incidentally, the US federal government owns 28% of all US land.
The U.S. had 319 million people in 2014 and 228 billion trees. The greatest gains have been seen on the East Coast, with average volumes of wood per acre almost doubling since the 1950s. Over 75 percent of the productive commercial forest land in the United States is privately owned.
In a study released during 2015 in Nature, a team of 38 scientists found that the planet is home to 3.04 trillion trees, far surpassing the previously estimate of 400 billion. The researchers estimated there are 422 trees for every person on Earth.
Incidentally, the US federal government owns 28% of all US land.
Wordology, Wamblecropt
It sounds just like it means. It means
overcome with indigestion. You might have observed your stomach
was wambling a bit. If the wambles (indigestion) got so bad you
could not move, you were wamblecropt. Sad that such a
descriptive word has gone out of favor.
Riot, Rout, Unlawful Assembly
Riot, rout, and unlawful assembly are
related offenses, but are separate and distinct. A rout differs
from a riot in that the persons involved do not actually execute
their purpose, but merely move toward it. The degree of
execution that converts a rout into a riot is often difficult to
determine.
A riot is a form of civil disorder commonly characterized by a group lashing out in a violent public disturbance against authority, property, or people. To be considered a riot in England and Wales it must legally involve a minimum of twelve people. Under US federal law it is only three people, in New York, US ten people, Lynchburg, VA, US, three people, and in Nevada, US only two people can constitute a riot.
An unlawful assembly transpires when persons convene for a purpose, if executed would make them rioters, but who separate without performing any act in furtherance of their purpose.
A riot is a form of civil disorder commonly characterized by a group lashing out in a violent public disturbance against authority, property, or people. To be considered a riot in England and Wales it must legally involve a minimum of twelve people. Under US federal law it is only three people, in New York, US ten people, Lynchburg, VA, US, three people, and in Nevada, US only two people can constitute a riot.
An unlawful assembly transpires when persons convene for a purpose, if executed would make them rioters, but who separate without performing any act in furtherance of their purpose.
Sticky Things
When measuring ingredients for cooking, like peanut butter,
honey, etc. Spray the measuring cup with cooking spray first. It
will make cleanup much easier.
Claddagh Rings
The Claddagh ring (Irish: fáinne Chladaigh) is a traditional
Irish ring given which represents love, loyalty, and friendship.
The hands represent friendship, the heart represents love, and
the crown represents loyalty.
The design and customs associated with it originated in the Irish fishing village of Claddagh, located just outside the old city walls of Galway, now part of Galway City. The ring, as currently known, was first produced in the 17th century, but the name Claddagh ring was not used before the 1830s. In recent years it has been embellished with interlace designs and combined with other Celtic and Irish symbols.
The ring belongs to a group of European finger rings called "fede rings". The name "fede" derives from the Italian phrase mani in fede ("hands [joined] in faith" or "hands [joined] in loyalty"). These rings date from Roman times, when the gesture of clasped hands was a symbol of pledging vows, and they were used as engagement/wedding rings in medieval and Renaissance Europe.
Incidentally, "Top of the morning to you." "And the rest of the day to yourself." Both are Hollywood inventions and never used in Ireland.
The design and customs associated with it originated in the Irish fishing village of Claddagh, located just outside the old city walls of Galway, now part of Galway City. The ring, as currently known, was first produced in the 17th century, but the name Claddagh ring was not used before the 1830s. In recent years it has been embellished with interlace designs and combined with other Celtic and Irish symbols.
The ring belongs to a group of European finger rings called "fede rings". The name "fede" derives from the Italian phrase mani in fede ("hands [joined] in faith" or "hands [joined] in loyalty"). These rings date from Roman times, when the gesture of clasped hands was a symbol of pledging vows, and they were used as engagement/wedding rings in medieval and Renaissance Europe.
Incidentally, "Top of the morning to you." "And the rest of the day to yourself." Both are Hollywood inventions and never used in Ireland.
New Spam
Yesterday I received a "thank you for your purchase" email
supposedly from Apple iTunes for $99. There was no credit card
info and when I hovered on the link, it was for a bitly web
site. Other things I hovered on were also not from Apple. Bottom
line, if there is no credit card info, delete the email after
you mark it spam.
Aug 4, 2017
Happy Friday
If you season your
friendships with joy you will taste the sweetness of life.
I always savor the sweetness of a Happy Friday!
I always savor the sweetness of a Happy Friday!
Fastest Computer
It was not that many years ago that we were anxiously awaiting a
computer that could do a million operations per second. Now we
have the Sunway computer, which has a linkpack benchmark rate (the
maximum speed at which it can operate) of 93 petaflops (a thousand
trillion floating point operations per second). China has been building its
next-generation high performance computer which will be at least
10 times faster than Sunway when the machine is finished during
2019.
Theater 4K HDR TV
Wow, 4K HDR just grew up. The same TV
technology that is in living rooms just began in theaters. A few
months ago, Samsung introduced its immense 34 foot Cinema TV LED
Screen, an alternative to projectors.
This cinema display TV features digital cinema 4K resolution and about 500,000 more pixels than what you will find in a normal consumer 4K TV.
Typical projectors will lose color quality as brightness is increased, but the Cinema TV Screen maintains perfect color accuracy at peak brightness levels regardless of the ambient illumination, similar to those found in the 2017 QLED 4K TVs, which also achieve strong color volume at high brightness levels. The most remarkable aspect of Samsung’s screen is its brightness that is 10 times more than that offered by standard projector technologies. Makes me want to raise the ceiling in the living room to fit a larger screen.
This cinema display TV features digital cinema 4K resolution and about 500,000 more pixels than what you will find in a normal consumer 4K TV.
Typical projectors will lose color quality as brightness is increased, but the Cinema TV Screen maintains perfect color accuracy at peak brightness levels regardless of the ambient illumination, similar to those found in the 2017 QLED 4K TVs, which also achieve strong color volume at high brightness levels. The most remarkable aspect of Samsung’s screen is its brightness that is 10 times more than that offered by standard projector technologies. Makes me want to raise the ceiling in the living room to fit a larger screen.
Wordology, Knickerbockers
Knickers is actually a
standard word for underwear, mainly in Britain. “Knickers”
derives from “knickerbockers,” or “loose-fitting short pants
gathered at the knee.” Because the city’s early Dutch settlers
wore those pants, “New Yorkers” became known as
“Knickerbockers.” The Knickerbockers, now more commonly “The
Knicks” is the name of New York’s NBA team. It does not have a
picture of knickerbockers in its logo.
Psychopath vs. Sociopath
The terms “psychopath” and
“sociopath” often get used interchangeably, but they are not
exactly the same. It is believed that psychopathy is the largely
the result of genetics, while sociopathy is more likely the
result of the environment. However, it is not completely nature
or nurture, but a complex combination of genetics, neurology,
and environment. They are both classified as Antisocial
Personality Disorders. They both show a disregard for laws and
social mores, a disregard for the rights of others, a failure to
feel remorse or guilt, and a tendency to display violent
behavior.
Psychopathy is related to a physiological defect that results in the underdevelopment of the part of the brain responsible for impulse control and emotions. Psychopaths are unable to form emotional attachments or feel real empathy with others. Traits include a total freedom from fear, anxiety, or guilt. They can be charming, outgoing, and charismatic. They thrive on power and control and are self centered and impulsive.
Sociopathy is likely the product of childhood trauma and physical/emotional abuse. Sociopathy can also be acquired, such as by dementia or a head injury. Sociopaths have a less severe form of lack of empathy and lack of guilt. Sociopaths may be able to form some deep bonds while a psychopath cannot. A sociopath would feel no guilt about hurting a stranger, but may feel guilt and remorse over hurting someone with which they share a bond. A sociopath is less organized in demeanor and might be nervous, easily agitated, and quick to display anger. Sociopaths are often crusaders or martyrs for a perceived cause and may see their wild acts as necessary.
Psychopaths are confident, social, and dominant, but sociopaths are reserved and inhibited, sometimes loners.
Psychopaths are exempt from negative emotion, but sociopaths do experience anxiety and rejection.
Psychopaths have no morals, but sociopaths have a sense of morality and a conscience however, it is skewed.
Bottom line, all psychopaths are sociopaths, but not all sociopaths are psychopaths.
Psychopathy is related to a physiological defect that results in the underdevelopment of the part of the brain responsible for impulse control and emotions. Psychopaths are unable to form emotional attachments or feel real empathy with others. Traits include a total freedom from fear, anxiety, or guilt. They can be charming, outgoing, and charismatic. They thrive on power and control and are self centered and impulsive.
Sociopathy is likely the product of childhood trauma and physical/emotional abuse. Sociopathy can also be acquired, such as by dementia or a head injury. Sociopaths have a less severe form of lack of empathy and lack of guilt. Sociopaths may be able to form some deep bonds while a psychopath cannot. A sociopath would feel no guilt about hurting a stranger, but may feel guilt and remorse over hurting someone with which they share a bond. A sociopath is less organized in demeanor and might be nervous, easily agitated, and quick to display anger. Sociopaths are often crusaders or martyrs for a perceived cause and may see their wild acts as necessary.
Psychopaths are confident, social, and dominant, but sociopaths are reserved and inhibited, sometimes loners.
Psychopaths are exempt from negative emotion, but sociopaths do experience anxiety and rejection.
Psychopaths have no morals, but sociopaths have a sense of morality and a conscience however, it is skewed.
Bottom line, all psychopaths are sociopaths, but not all sociopaths are psychopaths.
Yoda Toes
In different movies Yoda has different
numbers of toes. In The Phantom Menace he has 3 toes, in The
Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Sith he has 4.
What's in a Name, Groundhog
The groundhog (Marmota monax),
also known as a woodchuck, or whistlepig, is a rodent of the
family Sciuridae, belonging to the group of large ground
squirrels known as marmots. It was first scientifically
described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758. The groundhog is also
referred to as a chuck, wood-shock, groundpig, whistler,
thickwood badger, Canada marmot, monax, moonack, weenusk, and
red monk. The name "thickwood badger" was given in the Northwest
to distinguish the animal from the prairie badger. Monax was a
Native American name of the woodchuck, which meant "the digger".
Whisky
Whisky is a spirit distilled from malted grain,
barley or rye. The word whisky is originated from the Old
English word usquebae. The word is derived from the words uisce,
which means water, and bethu, which translates to life. Summing
it up, the word whisky basically means 'water of life'.
Vanilla vs. French Vanilla Ice Cream
Both are made
with vanilla beans for flavor. Vanilla ice cream is more white
and French vanilla ice cream tends to have a slightly yellow
coloring.
The name French vanilla is derived from the classic French way of making ice cream using an egg custard base. French vanilla ice cream has egg yolks, which give it a smoother consistency and its distinctive yellow hue. The taste is a bit richer and a bit more complex than a regular vanilla, which is made with just milk and cream.
The name French vanilla is derived from the classic French way of making ice cream using an egg custard base. French vanilla ice cream has egg yolks, which give it a smoother consistency and its distinctive yellow hue. The taste is a bit richer and a bit more complex than a regular vanilla, which is made with just milk and cream.
Jul 28, 2017
Happy Friday
A perfect smile reflects
perfect happiness. Happiness reflects the sunshine of a perfect
smile.
I always try to smile and reflect happiness, especially on a Happy Friday!
I always try to smile and reflect happiness, especially on a Happy Friday!
Medicare Birthday
On July 30, 1965, at a public ceremony in Independence, MO.,
President Lyndon Baines Johnson signed Medicare into law.
Moments later, the 36th president of the United States presented
America's 33rd president, Harry S. Truman, then 81 years old —
the nation's first Medicare card.
Medicare provides health insurance to Americans age 65 and older and to younger people with certain disabilities or health conditions. At its creation, Medicare consisted of two parts: Medicare Part A hospital insurance coverage and Medicare Part B, an optional medical insurance program.
Medicare provides health insurance to Americans age 65 and older and to younger people with certain disabilities or health conditions. At its creation, Medicare consisted of two parts: Medicare Part A hospital insurance coverage and Medicare Part B, an optional medical insurance program.
Medicare's
first beneficiaries paid a $40 annual deductible for Part A. The
monthly premium for Part B was $3.
CT, MRI, PET and SPECT Scans
Had a chance to sample some of this
technology recently and realized many folks are not aware of what the terms
actually mean. Each requires a distinct type of radiology equipment
used to perform mostly medical procedures. Each piece of equipment costs
millions of dollars and data shows that more machines
cause more tests to be performed. Various pieces of equipment may look different
than the pictures below, due to company
design and age of the equipment.
A CT (computed axial tomography) scan uses X-rays, an MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging) scan uses magnetic and radio waves, a PET (Positron emission tomography) scan uses a radioactive substance injected in the body and gamma rays, and SPECT (Single photon emission computed tomography) scan uses a radioactive substance injected into the body and a gamma camera. Tomography is a technique for displaying a representation of a cross section through a human body or other solid object using a penetrating wave.
A CT scan is better suited to cancer, pneumonia, abnormal chest x-rays, and bleeding in the brain, especially after an injury. A CT scan shows organ tear and organ injury more quickly, so is more suitable for trauma cases. Broken bones and vertebrae are more clearly visible on a CT scan. CT scans provide a better image of the lungs and organs in the chest cavity between the lungs.
An MRI is better for examining the spinal cord. An MRI show a more visible brain tumor.
A CT scan does not show tendons and ligaments, but an MRI does.
A CT or MRI scan can assess the size and shape of body organs and tissue, but they cannot assess how these work.
The PET system detects pairs of rays emitted indirectly by a positron-emitting radionuclide (tracer), which is introduced into the body. Three-dimensional images of tracer concentration within the body are then constructed by computer analysis. A PET scan can show how an organ works, and is often used with a CT or MRI scan. PET scans are used to diagnose a condition or to track how it is developing. PET scans are used to investigate epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, cancer, and heart disease.
The SPECT system works like a PET, but uses gamma rays to show a tracer dose of radioactive material injected into the body. The material moves to areas of bone and elsewhere highlighting healing or cancer progression as it is usually lit up on SPECT scans.
A CT (computed axial tomography) scan uses X-rays, an MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging) scan uses magnetic and radio waves, a PET (Positron emission tomography) scan uses a radioactive substance injected in the body and gamma rays, and SPECT (Single photon emission computed tomography) scan uses a radioactive substance injected into the body and a gamma camera. Tomography is a technique for displaying a representation of a cross section through a human body or other solid object using a penetrating wave.
CT Scanner
A CT scan is better suited to cancer, pneumonia, abnormal chest x-rays, and bleeding in the brain, especially after an injury. A CT scan shows organ tear and organ injury more quickly, so is more suitable for trauma cases. Broken bones and vertebrae are more clearly visible on a CT scan. CT scans provide a better image of the lungs and organs in the chest cavity between the lungs.
MRI Scanner
An MRI is better for examining the spinal cord. An MRI show a more visible brain tumor.
A CT scan does not show tendons and ligaments, but an MRI does.
A CT or MRI scan can assess the size and shape of body organs and tissue, but they cannot assess how these work.
PET Scanner
The PET system detects pairs of rays emitted indirectly by a positron-emitting radionuclide (tracer), which is introduced into the body. Three-dimensional images of tracer concentration within the body are then constructed by computer analysis. A PET scan can show how an organ works, and is often used with a CT or MRI scan. PET scans are used to diagnose a condition or to track how it is developing. PET scans are used to investigate epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, cancer, and heart disease.
The SPECT system works like a PET, but uses gamma rays to show a tracer dose of radioactive material injected into the body. The material moves to areas of bone and elsewhere highlighting healing or cancer progression as it is usually lit up on SPECT scans.
Chicken Facts
Here is something to cluck about. The UN's
Food and Agriculture Organization concluded that, as of
2014, the world has about 21 billion chickens, which produce
the 79 billion eggs eaten by Americans every year. As the human
population grew by 80 percent between 1970 and 2008, the
global chicken population grew by 262 percent. That
makes three chickens for every human on earth.
Al Capone
A famous crime boss during prohibition in the US was jailed for income tax evasion. He was released from Alcatraz prison on November 16, 1939 and died January 25, 1947 with few of his friends attending his modest funeral.
He died penniless after once earning $40 million a year. He struggled to support his family on an income of $600 a week, which was provided by former associates of the Chicago Outfit. After his death, his wife, Mae, whom he married in 1918, was forced to sell their home due to financial constraints. She died during 1986.
Wordology, Lidar
The word is an acronym for Light
Detection and Ranging. The US military and NASA invented the
Lidar technology during the early 1960s for measuring distance
in space. Its first commercial usage did not occur until 1995.
It uses ultraviolet, visible, or near infrared light from lasers. Radar (Radio Detection and Ranging) uses radio or electromagnetic waves. Lidar used in cars is low powered and classed as 'eye-safe' allowing it to be used with few safety precautions.
Some refer to Lidar as laser radar, however it is not. It is more precise than radar, because the speed of light is a constant, so a laser can make extremely precise measurements of distance by computing the time between when the device emits a laser pulse and when it detects the reflection. Sound travels about 1,000 feet (300 meters) per second and light travels about 984,000,000 feet per second (300,000,000 meters). Also, radar wavelengths suffer from atmospheric conditions, such as humidity, fog, rain, snow, and temperature, but do perform better in smokey or dusty conditions.
A laser unit fires a short pulse of light. The pulse rebounds off a point, such as the rear of the car in front and is detected by a sensor in the laser unit. A computer connected to the unit measures the time between the initial pulse and the light return and, using the speed of light, calculates the distance the light has traveled. It creates a high-resolution 3D map of the surrounding environment. The best sensors can see details of a few centimeters at distances of more than 330 feet or 100 meters.
Currently most autonomous cars use some combination of Lidar, Radar, and camera. Lidar is precise, Radar is good at motion, and cameras are good for depiction. Each technology has strengths and weaknesses, so automakers and others are trying to find the best combination of strengths at the lowest cost.
It uses ultraviolet, visible, or near infrared light from lasers. Radar (Radio Detection and Ranging) uses radio or electromagnetic waves. Lidar used in cars is low powered and classed as 'eye-safe' allowing it to be used with few safety precautions.
Some refer to Lidar as laser radar, however it is not. It is more precise than radar, because the speed of light is a constant, so a laser can make extremely precise measurements of distance by computing the time between when the device emits a laser pulse and when it detects the reflection. Sound travels about 1,000 feet (300 meters) per second and light travels about 984,000,000 feet per second (300,000,000 meters). Also, radar wavelengths suffer from atmospheric conditions, such as humidity, fog, rain, snow, and temperature, but do perform better in smokey or dusty conditions.
A laser unit fires a short pulse of light. The pulse rebounds off a point, such as the rear of the car in front and is detected by a sensor in the laser unit. A computer connected to the unit measures the time between the initial pulse and the light return and, using the speed of light, calculates the distance the light has traveled. It creates a high-resolution 3D map of the surrounding environment. The best sensors can see details of a few centimeters at distances of more than 330 feet or 100 meters.
Currently most autonomous cars use some combination of Lidar, Radar, and camera. Lidar is precise, Radar is good at motion, and cameras are good for depiction. Each technology has strengths and weaknesses, so automakers and others are trying to find the best combination of strengths at the lowest cost.
Father and Son
John Scott Harrison was a member of the
United States House of Representatives from Ohio and the only
person to be both the child and the parent of US Presidents. He
was also the grandson of Declaration of Independence signer,
Benjamin Harrison V. He was the father of thirteen children.
His father, William Henry Harrison was the ninth President in 1841 and his son, Benjamin Harrison, was the 23rd President from 1889 to 1893. Harrison did not live to see his son become President.
His father, William Henry Harrison was the ninth President in 1841 and his son, Benjamin Harrison, was the 23rd President from 1889 to 1893. Harrison did not live to see his son become President.
Jul 21, 2017
Happy Friday
Happiness, like oceans
comes in waves, some higher, some lower, but all appreciated.
I always look for the perfect wave of happiness, especially on a Happy Friday!
I always look for the perfect wave of happiness, especially on a Happy Friday!
Wordology, Dox
Here is an interesting word that has been floating around the web
for the past bunch of years. Doxing or doxxing, from abbreviating
the word documents, is an Internet-based practice of researching
and broadcasting private or personal identifiable information
about an individual or organization. It is usually done to
humiliate or expose someone.
Doxing is the act of finding one's personal information through research and discovery, with little to no information to start with. You may have seen doxing in the news, for instance when not so long ago, hacker team Anonymous doxed and reported thousands of twitter accounts related to ISIS.
Doxxing is easy to accomplish using common internet sites. Social media, phone number databases, housing information, etc., are all readily and freely available. Linkedin, Twitter, Facebook, and Google+, etc. are treasure troves of personal information, such as relatives, friends, coworkers, pictures, nicknames, employer name, job title, school information, addresses, and much more.
Hackers, police officers, and amateur detectives can harvest the information from the internet about individuals. There is no particular structure in place for doxing, meaning a hacker may seek out any kind of information related to the target.
Doxing is the act of finding one's personal information through research and discovery, with little to no information to start with. You may have seen doxing in the news, for instance when not so long ago, hacker team Anonymous doxed and reported thousands of twitter accounts related to ISIS.
Doxxing is easy to accomplish using common internet sites. Social media, phone number databases, housing information, etc., are all readily and freely available. Linkedin, Twitter, Facebook, and Google+, etc. are treasure troves of personal information, such as relatives, friends, coworkers, pictures, nicknames, employer name, job title, school information, addresses, and much more.
Hackers, police officers, and amateur detectives can harvest the information from the internet about individuals. There is no particular structure in place for doxing, meaning a hacker may seek out any kind of information related to the target.
Eagle Fact
If a bald eagle loses a feather on one wing, it will shed a
corresponding feather on the other to stay balanced.
Streaming Movies and TV
2016 was the first year more movies were streamed
than played on DVDs. Amazing, since DVDs were first invented in
1995 by Panasonic, Philips, Sony and Toshiba. Of course, other
formats had been around for a number of years before that. Hmm,
over the hill at the tender young age of 22.
The first basic cable network, launched via satellite in 1976, was Ted Turner's superstation WTCG. A May 2017 study from Fluent LLC asked internet users about their cable and TV habits. Across age groups, 67 percent of people reported using a video streaming service, such as Hulu, Netflix, or Amazon Prime video. Cable subscriptions, which peaked during 2000, was reported by 61 percent of responders.
Incidentally, during 2008, cable subscribers had 129 channels to choose from, and they watched an average of 17 channels in a given week. Five years later, they had 189 channels, and were still watching only 17.5. Their bills have doubled or more since 2000.
The first basic cable network, launched via satellite in 1976, was Ted Turner's superstation WTCG. A May 2017 study from Fluent LLC asked internet users about their cable and TV habits. Across age groups, 67 percent of people reported using a video streaming service, such as Hulu, Netflix, or Amazon Prime video. Cable subscriptions, which peaked during 2000, was reported by 61 percent of responders.
Incidentally, during 2008, cable subscribers had 129 channels to choose from, and they watched an average of 17 channels in a given week. Five years later, they had 189 channels, and were still watching only 17.5. Their bills have doubled or more since 2000.
Anime vs. Manga
Anime (pronounced ann e mae) is
animation of a cartoon show. The word is the abbreviated
pronunciation of
"animation" in Japanese, where this term references all
animation.
Anime is usually, but not always, the animated version of
popular manga.
Manga is book of pictures or comic. Manga are comics created in Japan or by creators in the Japanese language, conforming to a style developed in Japan in the late 19th century. They have a long and complex pre-history in earlier Japanese art.
Manga is book of pictures or comic. Manga are comics created in Japan or by creators in the Japanese language, conforming to a style developed in Japan in the late 19th century. They have a long and complex pre-history in earlier Japanese art.
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